| This paper focuses on the animal remains of the Zhou Dynasty excavated from the Chenzhuang site in Gaoqing from 2008 to 2010,through the identification and analysis of animal remains,this paper tries to explore the features of the animal groups,the raising and utilization of domestic animals,the hunting and using of wild animals,and try to restore the ancient environment around the site.Chenzhuang site located on Gaoqing County,Shandong Province,belongs to the ancient Qi Guo.From 2008 to 2010,Shandong Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology organized a team to explore and excavate it.It is confirmed as the city site of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the ring trench settlement of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.A total of 25253 animal remains were unearthed,including 20894 in Zhou Dynasty.Its composition is rich,including 6 classes,16 orders,24 families,33 genera and 33 species,including:meretri,cuneopsis,lanceolaria,lamprotula,black carp,chelidae,trionylaceae,phasianidae,muridae,rabbit,dog,pig,sika deer,buffalo,cattle,goat,sheep,horse,etc.Based on the comprehensive study of wild animal and plant remains,it is speculated that the climate of the site and its surrounding areas should be warmer and more humid than it is today.There are plains,mountains and hills around,and grass,shrubs are distributed on the ground;At the same time,there are many water areas around.During the Zhou Dynasty,the ancestors of Chenzhuang mainly relied on two way s to obtain animal resources:raising domestic animals and hunting wild animals.the main domestic animals include pigs,cattle,dogs,sheep and horses.Its breeding mode has been relatively mature and stable,and the utilization mode is relatively diverse.There are various wild animal,of which the absolute advantage is the mussels and deer,the ancestors hunted mainly for obtaining meat,but also used them to make bone artifact,horn products and so on.Through the longitudinal comparison of the animal remains unearthed from Chenzhuang site,it is found that although the species of animals used in the Zhou dynasties are basically the same,many changes have taken place in the breeding and utilization of animals,which shows that even if the same continuation site has different nature and grade,the utilization of animal resources will be quite different.Through the horizontal comparison with Tangye site,it fully shows the unique features of animal resources utilization of Chenzhuang site in the Western Zhou Dynasty.At present,there are few researches on the zooarchaeology of Zhou Dynasty in Shandong.The animal remains unearthed from the Chenzhuang site not only provide valuable information for the study of the animal feeding mode and utilization mode of the ancestors of Shandong in the Zhou Dynasty,but also provides a unique perspective of zooarchaeology for the discussion of the city sites. |
