| Taizi Mountain National Nature Reserve of Gansu belongs to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Loess Plateau transition zone.The territory is rich in species resources.It plays an important role in water conservation,soil and water conservation,climate regulation and ecological virtuous cycle.It is an important green barrier in central Gansu province and eastern Qinghai Province and an important water conservation forest in the upper reaches of the Yellow River.At the same time,it is also the best place for all kinds of plants and animals to inhabit and reproduce.However,although there are abundant species resources in the reserve,there are few background data and basic researches.Based on this,the wild bird resources in Taizi Mountain National Nature Reserve were investigated systematically by sample line method since July 2020 to September 2021.The aim is to provide data support for subsequent research and conservation work in the region.Through specific analysis and exploration of the differences in bird community diversity and similarity in different habitats in different areas,the main research results are as follows:(1)A total of 170 species of birds belonging to 16 orders and 43 families were recorded.From the floristic point of view,147 species(86.47%)were widely distributed.Oriental birds followed,accounting for 17 species(10.00%).There were only 6 species(3.53%)of palaearctic birds.According to the distribution type,it can be divided into 12 types,such as not easily classified type,Oriental type,Palaearctic type,Himalaya-Hengduan mountain region type et al.From the perspective of residence type,the largest number of resident birds were 100 species(58.82%),reflecting that the reserve provides a suitable habitat for a variety of birds.The second was summer migratory birds with 40 species(23.53%).There were 22 species of travelling birds(12.94%);Winter migratory birds were the least,with only 8 species(4.71%).(2)A total of 9 species of national CLASS I key protected birds and 24 species of national CLASS II key protected birds were found in the reserve,and 1 specie was rated as extremely critical(CR).1 specie is endangered(EN);Five species were vulnerable(VU);There were 7 near-risk(NT)species.There are 16 species of endemic birds in China.(3)The nature reserve was divided into Kangle area,Hezheng area and Linxia area according to the county,and the species composition and diversity of bird communities in the three areas were analyzed.The diversity index of bird community is: Hezheng area > Kangle area > Linxia area.The similarity index of bird community is: Hezheng area > Kangle area > Linxia area.(4)According to different habitat types,the study area was divided into six habitats:coniferous forest,coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest,broadleaf forest,wetland,artificial building and reservoir.The species composition and diversity of bird communities in six habitats were analyzed.The diversity index of bird community is as follows: Shrub grassland > Wetland > broad-leaved forest > Artificial building >Coniferous forest > The reservoir;The evenness index is: Shrub grassland > Wetland >broad-leaved forest > Artificial building > Coniferous forest > The reservoir.(5)Compare the composition and diversity of bird communities in different habitats in each region:(1)The species diversity index of different habitats in the Kangle area is: broadleaf forest > Wetland > broad-leaved forest > Artificial building > Reservoir >The evenness index of coniferous forest is: Shrub grassland > Wetland > broadleaved forest > Artificial building > Reservoir > Coniferous forest;(2)The species diversity index of different habitats in Hezheng region is: wetland >Shrub grassland > broad-leaved forest > Artificial building > Coniferous forest > For reservoir,the evenness index is: wetland > Shrub grassland > broad-leaved forest >Artificial building > Coniferous forest > The reservoir;(3)Species diversity index of different habitats in Linxia region is: broad-leaved forest > Wetland > Shrub grassland> Artificial building> Coniferous forest > In the reservoir,the evenness index is as follows: broad-leaved forest > Wetland > Shrub grassland > Artificial building > Coniferous forest > The reservoir.(6)The study found that the main problems facing bird habitats in the reserve include garbage pollution and natural hazard.Based on this,it is proposed to carry out targeted scientific protection of birds in the protected areas through special investigation,strengthen water quality monitoring and strengthen ecological protection publicity and law enforcement. |
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