Morphological Differentiation Of Geographic Population Of O.Kweichowensis And Its Morphological Differences With O.Schmacheri

Guizhou is the differentiation center of Odorrana genus,with 15 species recorded,among which O.kweichowensis is the most widely distributed.O.kweichowensis as the research object,this study through traditional morphology,measuring indexes of different geographic populations in Guizhou,using the multivariate statistical analysis,to explore the smelly frog different geographic populations of morphological variation in Guizhou,the reasons of the analysis of morphological characteristics of geographic variation,in order to understand differences in the O.kweichowensis geographic population differences in evolutionary sense,as well as O.kweichowensis to supplement form description.Morphological indicators of O.kweichowensis in different geographical populations were measured through traditional morphology and multivariate statistical analysis.To explore the morphological variation of O.kweichowensis in different geographical populations and analyze the causes of the geographical variation of morphological characteristics,so as to understand the evolutionary significance of the differences between O.kweichowensis in different geographical populations.The morphological description of O.kweichowensis was also supplemented.In this study,39 morphological characteristics including SVL,HDL and HDW were measured in O.kweichowensis(250 females,283 males)from 39 geographical populations.Combined with the world’s climate database(http://worldclim.org/data/index.html)to download and extract the 19 biological climate data,The morphological differences of O.kweichowensis were analyzed by one-way ANOVA,principal component analysis and MannWhitney U test,and the effects of climate change on the morphological changes were also discussed.In this study,morphological differences between O.kweichowensis and O.schmackeri were analyzed by measuring morphological indicators of 5 geographical populations(42 females,27 males).The specific results are as follows:There was an obvious phenomenon of sexual dimorphism in O.kweichowensis,which showed that the females were significantly larger than the males,and the degree of sexual dimorphism in O.kweichowensis was one of the largest amphibian species.The degree of sexual dimorphism in O.kweichowensis of different geographical populations increased along with the monthly mean temperature difference between day and night.The phenotypic geographical differences of different populations of O.kweichowensis were mainly concentrated in the head and limbs,which were related to temperature and precipitation,and showed an increasing trend along the temperature and precipitation gradient.In males,the distance between the two eyes tended to decrease along with the standard deviation of temperature seasonal variation.The morphological differences between the two habitats were mainly in the limbs of female O.kweichowensis,and the forelimbs of male O.kweichowensis,suggesting that the differentiation of limbs was related to the weathering degree of karst habitats.The UEW/SVL of the female O.kweichowensis was larger than that of the O.schmackeri,but the opposite is true for IND/SVL.The UEW/SVL of male O.kweichowensis was larger than that of O.schmackeri.There was no obvious difference in the ratio of other morphological characteristics.The degree of geographic variation between O.kweichowensis and O.schmackeri populations in Guizhou was much higher than the interspecific difference,indicating that the differentiation time between O.kweichowensis and O.schmackeri populations was short,and although the genetic differentiation was obvious,but the morphological differentiation was not obvious.