Instability And Prevention Countermeasures Of Typical Landslide In Northwest Rwanda

Landslides are one of the most common geological disasters in the world,causing massive casualties,degradation of natural resources and damage to infrastructure.In the hills and mountains of western and northern Rwanda,landslides are the most serious natural disasters that often occur,often causing huge loss of life and property.Rwanda is a mountainous,rainy country with an average annual rainfall of over 500 mm across the board,with up to around 2000 mm in some areas in the west and north.Since the minimum temperature is 14 ～ 17℃,the maximum temperature is in the range of 27 ～ 32℃,and the relative humidity is 70% ～ 77% higher,resulting in low evaporation,surface rainfall is more likely to be enriched in the rock and soil layers.This paper systematically analyzes the formation instability of typical landslides in Rwanda by means of numerical simulation techniques and discusses the risk level of landslide hazards in the northwest region of Rwanda.In addition,feasible corresponding engineering prevention measures are proposed.The main research work of the paper is summarized as follows:(1)Using numerical simulation methods,based on GTS NX software,the formation instability of landslides in different regions of Rwanda was analyzed,and the influence laws of the slope,rain,fall and slope cutting on slope instability were analyzed.Most parts of Northern Rwanda are above 40 degrees of slope gradient,above 30 degrees in Western parts and above 25 degrees in Southern province.The slope gradient and mass movements are the important factors that determine the distribution of landslides in Rwanda.(2)The stability of typical slopes in Rwanda was analyzed by using Bishop,spencer and strength reduction methods.The research results show that the safety factor of most multi-layer soil slopes and artificial cut slopes is less than the standard value of 1.35.These slopes are naturally unstable.(3)Using numerical simulation technology,the feasibility of using anchor rods and H-type piles to reinforce the slope in Rwanda was analyzed and the effect of reinforcement was evaluated.Aiming at the formation instability and disaster reduction engineering measures of landslide disasters in Rwanda,this paper analyzes the geological and human factors caused by landslides,and on this basis,proposes the prevention and control of natural and artificial slope disasters in Rwanda and the management of building and natural environment resources.Strategy,provides theoretical support and engineering practice guidance for Rwanda landslide disaster risk assessment and disaster reduction strategy.