Effects Of Replacing Chemical Fertilizer With Organic Fertilizer On Alkaloid Content And Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Of Coptis Chinensis Franch

Continuous cropping of Coptis chinensis Franch.and extensive application of chemical fertilizer resulted in the decline of soil quality and destruction of soil microecological environment,which seriously affected the quality and development of C.chinensis.Recently,there are more and more studies on improving field soil environment by replacing part of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer,but most of them focus on crops.Few methodical studies have been carried out in the cultivation of C.chinensis.Therefore,the combination of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer is of great significance in improving the soil environment of C.chinensis and realizing the sustainable development of C.chinensis industry.In this study,C.chinensis was used as the research object,to find the effect of different amounts of organic fertilizer as an alternative fertilizer for chemical fertilizer on the plant growth,biomass accumulation,the content of total alkaloids,berberine,epiberberine,berberine,palmatine,and soil physicochemical.Bacterial and fungal communities’ structure,diversity,composition,and abundance of functional bacteria and fungi also were investigated in this study.This study aims to explore the effect of organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer on improving soil physicochemical properties,micro ecological environment,and the quality of C.chinensis and to provide theoretical and practical references for scientific research and suitable fertilizer applications for the planting and process of C.chinensis in Hubei province.The main results of this study are as follows:1.The treatment of organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer had no significant effect on the plant height of C.chinensis,but significantly increased the dry weight of the underground part of C.chinensis and the ratio of root to shoot.The highest dry weight was observed in treatment with 40% of chemical fertilizer replacement.The contents of total alkaloids and four main alkaloids in different parts of the C.chinensis plant,especially in rhizomes,were the highest under the treatment of organic fertilizers instead of 20%-40%of chemical fertilizers,and the effect of microbial fertilizer treatment was better.2.The treatment of organic fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers could improve the physicochemical properties of the rhizospheric soil of C.chinensis.Among the treatments,the soil nutrient content was the highest in the treatment of replacing 20% chemical fertilizer with microbial fertilizer,and the organic matter content increased with the increase in the amount of organic fertilizer.Common commercial organic fertilizers significantly increased the soil p H and alleviate the problem of soil acidification caused by planting C.chinensis.overall,it is more beneficial to improve soil nutrient status when microbial fertilizer replaces 20% of chemical fertilizer.3.Compared with conventional fertilization(CF),the application of organic fertilizer had no significant effect on the diversity and richness of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil of C.chinensis,but significantly increased the abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota.The application of organic fertilizer significantly affected the relative abundance of C and N functional bacteria.When the replacement rate was 20%-40%,the relative abundance of each functional bacteria increased significantly.4.Compared with conventional fertilization,the diversity,and richness of the fungal community were significantly decreased by replacing organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer.Compared with CK without fertilizer and CF with single chemical fertilizer,the composition of the fungal community was significantly changed by organic fertilizer,and the number of endemic species was increased.The relative abundance of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota was increased by organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer.Common commercial organic fertilizer had a significant effect on increasing the abundance of beneficial fungi Preussia and Penicillium.Fungal function prediction results showed that microbial fertilizer treatment significantly reduced the abundance of animal pathogens in rhizosphere soil,and the application of both organic fertilizers increased the abundance of saprophytic bacteria and symbiotic bacteria,which was beneficial to improving the health status of the soil ecosystem.