| Land salinization leads to the reduction of farmland productivity,affects crop growth and restricts the sustainable development of agriculture.In view of the serious salinization of farmland and poor crop production in Dalad Banner,Inner Mongolia,this experiment studied the effects of straw combined application of bacterial fertilizer,single application of bacterial fertilizer and single application of straw on the yield and quality,salt absorption,soil physical and chemical properties and salt content of Avena sativa L.,Sorghum hybrid sudangrass,Panicum miliaceum L.and oil sunflower in saline alkali land,In order to provide reference for the improvement and utilization of saline alkali land in Dalad Banner.The main conclusions are as follows:1.Maize straw combined with bacterial fertilizer,single bacterial fertilizer,single straw treatment can improve the seedling emergence rate of Avena sativa L.,Sorghum hybrid sudangrass,Panicum miliaceum L.and oil sunflower,the effect of straw combined with bacterial fertilizer is the best,the emergence rate of oil sunflower is the highest for 4crops,55.24%,36.17 percentage points higher than CK;The dry matter accumulation of the four crops was the largest,which increased by 11.71%,21.89%,63.22% and 25.49%,respectively,at maturity stage.2.Maize straw combined with bacterial fertilizer,single bacterial fertilizer,single straw treatment can improve crop yield and quality,the effect of straw combined with bacterial fertilizer is the most obvious,Avena sativa L.,Sorghum hybrid sudangrass,millet,oil sunflower output increased 88.55%,60.00%,62.84%,53.75% compared with CK,followed by single bacterial fertilizer,straw single application.Straw combined with bacterial fertilizer significantly increased the contents of crude protein and crude fat of oat,Sorghum hybrid sudangrass and millet,and significantly reduced the contents of neutral and acid washing fiber,significantly increased the contents of crude fat and oleic acid in oil sunflower seeds,significantly reduced the contents of linoleic acid,palmitic acid and stearic acid.3.Maize straw combined with bacterial fertilizer significantly improved soil physical and chemical properties,and increased the salt absorption of crops.Compared with CK,straw combined with bacterial fertilizer decreased soil p H by 4.24%,total salt by 13.85%,electrical conductivity by 32.40%,soil bulk density by 24.14%,porosity by 20.26%,organic matter by 27.84%,available potassium by 8.33%,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen by37.00%.And the effect of planting oil sunflower is the most obvious.The salt absorption of different crops was the highest in Sorghum hybrid sudangrass,which increased by108.28% compared with CK.4.The economic benefits of straw combined with bacterial fertilizer,single bacterial fertilizer and single straw application were improved for Avena sativa L.,Sorghum hybrid sudangrass,millet and oil sunflower.The net income of oil sunflower treated with straw combined with bacterial fertilizer was the highest,reaching 10337 yuan/ha,43.12% higher than CK;gaodan grass followed,reaching 7900 yuan/ha.In conclusion,maize straw combined with bacterial fertilizer can not only improve saline-alkali land of Dalad Banner,but also promote crop yield and income.From the analysis of economic benefit,the effect of planting oil sunflower is the best,but from the consideration of ecological benefit and local demand for grass and livestock,planting Sorghum hybrid sudangrass can not only improve the saline-alkali land,but also provide fodder for local animal husbandry,and realize the combination of planting and raising. |
