Research On Routing Technology Of Quantum Key Distribution Network Based On Blockchain

The emergence of quantum computers and their continuous maturation have seriously challenged the secrecy capability of classical cryptographic systems.Quantum Key Distribution(QKD)technology provides a solution for secure communication under the threat of quantum computing,based on the properties of quantum mechanics,sharing a secure key for both sides of communication,and combining with One Time Pad(OTP),it can realize encrypted communication with information theory security.With the continuous development of QKD technology,QKD networks for multi-user key distribution have gradually matured and become practical,and the network scale has been expanding,QKD network routing mechanism has become an important research direction in the process of its practicalization.The emergence of Software-Defined Network(SDN)architecture has solved the problem of quantum key resource rate usage,in which the centralized controller at the control layer manages the network.In this network architecture,a centralized controller at the control layer manages the network and centralizes the control and distribution of quantum key resources.However,this centralized QKD network architecture has security risks.If the centralized SDN controller has a single point of failure or is threatened by a single point of attack,the whole network will face the danger of collapse.This paper focuses on the research of QKD network routing algorithm scheme and the single point problem of the centralized architecture of Software-Defined Quantum Key Distribution Network(SD-QKDN),and the main work is as follows.(1)To address the problems of the risk of attack and low security of single path in single routing path selection in QKD network routing scheme and low key utilization in random selection of multi-path routing,we propose a multi-path routing algorithm for QKD networks based on K shortest paths,which uses the amount of remaining keys of links in QKD networks as link costs by measuring multiple link state information in QKD networks and using The K shortest path algorithm calculates the eligible K shortest routing paths as alternative paths.Then the average link contribution of routing paths,the average key freshness and the hop count of routing paths are used as the final decision function to achieve the final communication path selection.The algorithm scheme is verified by simulation experiments.The experimental results show that the QKD network routing algorithm scheme based on K shortest paths has more balanced quantum key consumption for each link segment and lower key transfer delay compared with the existing distributed routing algorithms.(2)To address the problems of single point of failure and susceptibility to single point of attack faced by centralized SDN controllers of SD-QKD architecture,blockchain technology is introduced to solve the security problems of centralized SD-QKDN architecture,and the layered architecture of QKD network based on blockchain is proposed and implemented in simulation for the system.In the proposed layered architecture,the blockchain layer is used to replace the original control layer,and the consensus mechanism of blockchain and distributed ledger technology ensure the consistency of link state information in the QKD network,and combine the characteristics of blockchain such as data tamperability,smart contract technology and data traceability to solve the security of link information data in the QKD network,the integrity of routing algorithm and the problems caused by centralized controller.Single point of failure and other problems.Based on the Fisco Bcos blockchain and Spring Boot framework,we simulate and implement the blockchain-based QKD network routing algorithm proposed in the paper;use the Vue framework to build the front-end,complete the visualization of the blockchain information query,and design and develop the smart contract to ensure the security,trustworthiness and sharing of the QKD network link state data.The simulation results show the feasibility of the blockchain-based quantum key distribution network routing scheme for applications in the field of quantum key distribution.