Study On The Degradation Characteristics Of Near-surface Permafrost In The Source Region Of The Yellow Rive

Affected by global climate change and human activities,in recent years,global permafrost has been experiencing large-scale and large-scale degradation,posing great challenges to the global ecological environment.From the previous studies and the current ecological environment phenomenon,permafrost,due to its special functions,plays an extremely important role in the change of ecological environment in the headwater region of Yellow River.Therefore,in today’s global warming environment,it is of great significance to study the degradation of permafrost in the headwater region of Yellow River,make reasonable planning for the development of the region,and alert people to strengthen the protection of permafrost.In this paper,the headwater region of Yellow River in China is selected as the research area,and the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of atmospheric temperature and ground temperature in the headwater region of Yellow River from 1970 to 2019 are systematically analyzed by extracting meteorological station data and model calculation,so as to analyze the degradation of near surface permafrost,and explore the response of land use types to permafrost degradation.Therefore,this article focuses on the following research work:(1)We studied the characteristics of atmospheric/ground temperature changes from1970 to 2019,and analyzed the changes in temperature,ground temperature,and other meteorological driving factors(customs,pressure inside meteorological stations,relative humidity,and sunshine hours)in the headwater region of Yellow River over the past 50 years.Through analysis,we found that the climate in the headwater region of Yellow River is continuously warming.(2)We compared the changes in freeze-thaw index of 12 stations in the headwater region of Yellow River from 1970 to 2019,and analyzed their correlation with longitude,latitude,and altitude.(3)Analyzed the response of land use types to permafrost in the headwater region of Yellow River from 1970 to 2019.Statistical analysis was conducted on the land use types and areas in the headwater region of Yellow River in 1980 and 2020,and quantitative analysis was conducted on the changes in land use types in the region.(4)Using ANUSPILN software for interpolation,the multi-year roof temperature(TTOP)and ground melting index in the headwater region of Yellow River were calculated.The results showed that TTOP had a significant upward trend over the past 50 years.At the same time,the frozen soil in this area was partitioned and the area of frozen soil degradation was quantitatively analyzed.