Comparative Study On Beetle Diversity In Four Sites In Hong Kong

In the context of understanding and protecting biodiversity,in order to understand the mechanism and pattern of global insect diversity decline,relevant experts put forward the SITE-100 international Big Science program,which sets up passive collection devices to collect insect specimens regularly.From the three dimensions of species,morphology and genetic diversity,the distribution pattern of global insect diversity was explored,and the patterns and temporal and spatial dynamics of global biodiversity were quantitatively mapped.As a special administrative region of China,Hong Kong is advantaged in geographical position.Its suitable environment and geographical location have created rich ecological environment for Hong Kong.Coleoptera,as the largest order of insects,occupies a large ecological niche,so it is of great significance to explore the biodiversity of Coleoptera for the long-term development of the local area.In this study,collecting sample sites for beetles were set up at Tai Lam,Tai Mo Shan,Tei Tong Tsai and Shek Pik 13 sample points were set up in each site to perform statistical and diversity analysis of the collected beetle specimens,which basically achieved full coverage of good habitats in each site.Three methods of flight interception trap(FIT),malaise trap(MT)and pitfall trap(PT)were used for beetle specimen collection at each site.A total of 52,913 beetle specimens were collected from the four sample sites.14,852 specimens(615 species in 50 families)of beetles were collected from the Tai Lam field,and 8,796 beetle specimens(493 species)/1,335 specimens(142 species)/4,721 beetle specimens(263 species)were collected based on FIT/MT/PT,respectively.13,653 specimens(501 species in 43 families)of beetles were collected from the Tai Mo Shan field,and 9,664 beetle specimens(373 species)/328 specimens(84 species)/3,661 beetle specimens(223 species)were collected based on FIT/MT/PT,respectively.16,270 specimens(478 species in 38 families)of beetles were collected from the Tei Tong Tsai field,and 8,271 beetle specimens(401 species)/1,168 specimens(166 species)/6,823 beetle specimens(200 species)were collected based on FIT/MT/PT,respectively.8,133 specimens(533 species in 47 families)of beetles were collected from the Tei Tong Tsai field,and 4,237 beetle specimens(430 species)/3,896 specimens(261 species)/were collected based on FIT/PT,respectively.Through the analysis of the composition of beetle communities collected in four sampling sites,it was found that the Curculionidae,Staphylinidae,Mordellidae,Nitidulidae,Elateridae,Scarabaeidae,Cerambycidae and Carabidae accounted for 92.31%of the total collection,and a total of 48,843 beetles were collected,of which Curculionidae,Staphylinidae were the dominant families in this Hong Kong beetle diversity research:the number of Curculionidae collected accounted for 37.07%(19,540 specimens)of the total collected specimens,and the number of collections in Staphylinidae amounted to 21.75%(11,462 specimens).The results of diversity analysis showed that the richness index of the four sampling sites was as follows:Tai Lam(63.92)>Shek Pik(59.09)>Tai Mo Shan(52.51)>Tei Tong Tsai(49.19);diversity index:Tai Lam(2.09)>Tai Mo Shan(2.08)>Tei Tong Tsai(1.90)>Shek Pik(1.73);evenness index:Tai Mo Shan(0.34)>Tai Lam(0.33)>Tei Tong Tsai(0.31)>Shek Pik(0.28).From the similarity analysis of the four sites,it was found that the coefficient between Tei Tong Tsai and Shek Pik got the highest similarity:0.657(402 species in total),the cluster analysis showed that Shek Pik and Tei Tong Tsai were clustered into one branch,which also proved the similarity of species composition.In conclusion,the biodiversity data in this paper reflect the status of beetle biodiversity in Hong Kong to a certain extent,which is of great significance for clarifying the pattern of beetle diversity in Hong Kong and to supplement and improve the beetle diversity data.