Study On The Effects Of Micro-climate On Carbon Emissions Of Residential Buildings During Operation

Now,studies on the influence of urban microclimate on building energy consumption have shown that green space and water body play a positive role in regulating outdoor thermal environment and reducing building energy consumption.However,with the continuous improvement of modern science and technology and rapid urbanization,people gradually desalinize the influence of natural environment on building energy consumption,and rely more on air conditioning and other artificial ways to regulate and manage the building indoor environment.This passive regulation mode,which meets the requirements of indoor comfort at the cost of consuming non-renewable energy,will not only produce a large amount of greenhouse gas and aggravate the urban heat island effect,but also cause serious energy waste and environmental pollution.According to China Building Energy Consumption Research Report（2021）,in 2020,Urban residential buildings in China consumed 380 million tons of standard coal and generated about 891 million tons of CO₂,accounting for42%of the emissions from the construction industry.Therefore,it is of great significance to improve the living and production environment of residents and slow down global warming by improving the outdoor microclimate of buildings to meet the comfort requirements of residents and achieve the purpose of building energy conservation and emission reduction.In the existing studies on the influence of micro-climate on building carbon emissions,although a large number of studies have been done on the natural attributes of urban green space and water body,the quantitative exploration of the interaction between green space and water body on reducing building carbon emissions has not been carried out.Therefore,this study firstly simulated the microclimate environment of green space water body combination schemes with different areas through CFD numerical simulation,and used the wind speed,temperature and humidity parameters obtained by each scheme as the thermal environment index of carbon emissions calculated by the building energy consumption calculation software HDY-SMAD.Through comparison between cases,the optimal distribution area ratio of green space and water body to reduce building energy consumption is obtained.Then,by using the method of field survey,the natural properties of main urban green space and water body within the management scope of Dujiangyan city were extracted by geographic information system（GIS）and remote sensing（RS）technology,and then the carbon emission data of residential buildings obtained by social survey were analyzed by linear regression and statistical analysis.Finally,the results of field survey and analysis are compared with those of simulation.The results show that:（1）In typical meteorological months,when the area of green space and water reaches a certain threshold,it has a significant impact on the regulation of building carbon emissions within 400 m of natural patches.In addition,this effect will increase with the increase of green space and water area.（2）Green space has a greater impact on reducing building carbon emissions in winter,while water has a greater impact on reducing building carbon emissions in summer.In addition,the influence of green space and water body on building energy consumption is not obvious in other months.（3）In winter,when the ratio of green space to water area is 3:1,it has the most significant impact on reducing building carbon emissions,while in summer,the ratio is 1:2.According to the conclusions of this study,in order to achieve the goal of building energy conservation and emissions reduction,we suggest that in the future urban land planning and residential area landscape settings,the planners should be combined with the field of climate impact on building energy consumption to create suitable micro-climate environment.