Taxonomic Studies On Thysanoptera From Shaanxi Qinling-Bashan Mountains

Thysanoptera,commonly known as thrips,comprise more than 6,400 species in 786 genera worldwide.The feeding habits of thrips are complex: some herbivorous species are significant pests in agricultural and ornamental gardens,while a few species are pollinators,making them economically important insects.Researches on Thysanoptera in China mainly focus on the reviesion of genera,the description of new species,or the records of them,with little attention to regional systematic surveys and faunal studies.Qinling-Bashan Mountains in Shaanxi Province is a biodiversity hotspot with diverse climate types and high species richness.To date,no systematic study has been conducted on Thysanoptera in this area.In this study,Thysanoptera insects were surveyed in the Qinling-Bashan Mountains of Shaanxi Province,collecting more than 500 liquid-immersed specimens and over 2,000 slidemounted specimens.Through sorting,identification,and faunal analysis,the following main conclusions were as follows:1)By examining and identifying a large number of slide-mounted specimens and reviewing the literature,a total of 4 families,44 genera and 111 species of Thysanoptera were recorded in the Qinling-Bashan Mountain area of Shaanxi Province.These include 1 genus and3 species of Aeolothripidae,1 genus and 1 species of Melanthripidae,a 1 genera and 2 species of Dendrothripinae,4 genera and 5 species of Panchaetothripinae,3 genera and 9 species of Sericothripinae,17 genera and 50 species of Thripinae,5 genera and 9 species of Idolothripinae,and 4 genera and 5 species of Phlaeothripinae.Additionally,the study recorded the distribution information and biological characteristics of 44 genera and 111 species and compiled a species identification key for Thysanoptera in the Qinling-Bashan Mountain area of Shaanxi Province.2)Three new species were described: Neohydatothrips sangyuanicus sp.nov.,Apelaunothrips liubaensis sp.nov.and Karnyothrips bicolor sp.nov.;Five species were recorded for the first time from China: Chirothrips propinquus,Apelaunothrips montanus,Bamboosiella longirostris,Haplothrips nipponicus and Liothrips wasabiae.And the above 8species are described in detail.At the same time,25 genus and 62 species were newly recorded in Shaanxi province.3)The subfamily Thripinae is the most widely distributed in the Qinling-Bashan Mountains of Shaanxi Province,with 17 genera,among which the Thrips genus has the most species,with 19 species;The second is the Phlaeothripinae,with 12 genera,of which Haplothrips has the most species,with 19 species.4)Based on the above classification data,6 endemic species of Thysanoptera were found in Shaanxi Qinling-Bashan Mountains area: Neohydatothrips sangyuanicus sp.nov.,Frankliniella pallida,Megalurothrips equaletae,Megalurothrips haopingensis,Apelaunothrips liubaensis sp.nov.,Karnyothrips bicolor sp.nov.5)The results show that the Qinling-Bashan Mountains in Shaanxi Province is located in the Oriental realm,and the known Thysanoptera species in the area are predominantly composed of Oriental-Palaearctic elements,followed by Oriental elements,reflecting a fauna characterized mainly by the Oriental realm with close ties to the Palaearctic realm.In the Chinese zoogeographical regions,the Qinling-Bashan Mountain area belongs to the Central China region.Among the known species in the area are prominent as the Central-South China region,followed by the Central China region;the number of trans-regional species containing the Central China region is also relatively high.This shows that the Thysanoptera fauna in the area is dominated by the Central China region,with the closest ties to the South China region.