Quantitative Study Of The Hardening In The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer Nuclei Spectra At A Few Hundred GV

After the discovery of radioactivity by Henri Becquerel in 1896,a great deal of research into its source emerged.Some researchers have tried to explain the presence of opposite-charged ions and electrons in the atmosphere by using ionization caused by radiation.It was Austrian physicist Victor Hess who eventually provided conclusive evidence about the source of radiation.Hence cosmic rays were discovered.Since the discovery of cosmic rays,theoretically and experimentally,people have tried to find the source of cosmic rays and explain the propagation mechanism of cosmic rays.It took more than 100 years to develop what’s called the Standard Model.However,as high-precision instruments such as the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer collected high-precision data,the fine structure of the nuclear spectrum of cosmic rays was revealed.Based on the data of cosmic ray nuclei published by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer,we fit their spectra with broken power law formula and analyze the hardening at several hundred GV.The results show that the spectral hardening of primary cosmic ray nuclei cannot be attributed to the cosmic ray source or the unified mechanism in the propagation process,but the natural hardening is the superposition of different types of cosmic ray sources.For the secondary cosmic ray nuclei,the possibility of inheriting from the primary cosmic ray is denied,in favor of originating from the propagation process.Therefore,the dominant factors for spectrum hardening of primary and secondary cosmic ray nuclei are different.Of course,these factors affect the spectrum of all cosmic ray nuclei,whether primary,secondary or hybrid,with different weights.In addition,the propagation characteristics of heavy cosmic ray nuclei are different from those of light cosmic ray nuclei.The independent fitting of each cosmic ray nucleon by a unified method can not only provide a detailed quantitative comparison between these cosmic ray nuclei,but also provide a global perspective for the improvement of the current cosmic ray model.Any theoretical model should explain not only the basic properties of cosmic rays,such as the abundance of elements and the overall structure of the energy spectrum,but also the fine structure of the spectrum.