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Study On Preparation And Performance Of Functional Inorganic Materials For Solar Desalination

Posted on:2024-09-01Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:T J LiFull Text:PDF
GTID:2530307124954719Subject:Master of Materials and Chemical Engineering (Professional Degree)
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
With the global population growth and industrialization accelerating,freshwater scarcity has become one of the threats to sustainable development facing human society.As seawater accounts for 95.7%of the total global water resources,it can provide abundant water sources to alleviate the shortage of freshwater.Solar desalination technology,which relies on natural solar energy as input energy to produce fresh water,stands out among many desalination technologies due to its simplicity of operation,portability,and environmental friendliness,and has become a promising method to alleviate the global freshwater shortage problem.However,further improvements are needed in both the solar-thermal materials and the solar evaporator structure to achieve more efficient and sustainable solar desalination and further promote it to remote areas.Fallen leaves are a common renewable natural resource that can be used as a carbon source to prepare low-cost carbonized fallen leaf solar-thermal materials.Cu1.5Mn1.5O4spinel and CuFeMnO4spinel material have become hot solar-thermal materials due to their enhanced chemical stability and thermal stability.These solar-thermal materials have significant application potential in the field of solar desalination.Based on this,this paper uses carbonized fallen leaves,Cu1.5Mn1.5O4spinel,and CuFeMnO4spinel as solar-thermal materials to construct a solar evaporator for the following research:(1)The carbonized fallen leaf powder was synthesized by simple sulfonation-carbonization method using fallen leaves as a carbon source,and a low-cost solar-thermal material was developed.A 2D fallen leaf evaporator(CFL@ADT)was prepared by constructing a multi-channel 2D structure on an artificial deerskin towel.The CFL@ADT evaporator had an average light absorption rate of 97.4%in the wavelength range of 0.25~2.5μm measured by UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy.Its solar desalination performance was studied by simulating seawater desalination experiments.It achieved efficient evaporation of 3.5%brine under 1 kW m-2for continuous 13 h.(2)A 2.5D Cu1.5Mn1.5O4evaporator(CMO@RF)was prepared by dip-coating and sintering method.The CMO@RF evaporator had an average light absorption rate of96%in the wavelength range of 0.25~2.5μm measured by UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy.The additional evaporate surface brought by the 2.5D structure significantly improved its evaporation performance,with an average evaporation rate of 1.67 kg m-2h-1for pure water and 1.48 kg m-2h-1for 3.5%saltwater under 1 kW m-2.(3)A 3D CuFeMnO4evaporator(CFMO@RF)was prepared by dip-coating and sintering method.The CFMO@RF evaporator had an average light absorption rate of97%in the wavelength range of 0.25~2.5μm measured by UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy.Its evaporation performance was significantly improved based on the enhanced light utilization and environmental heat absorption of the constructed 3D array structure.Its average evaporation rate under 1 kW m-2was 3.17 kg m-2h-1for pure water and 2.76 kg m-2h-1for 10%saltwater in both solar evaporation tests and simulated solar desalination tests,with a continuous evaporation time of up to 200 h and successful prevention of salt deposition at fixed positions,providing a feasible solution for long-term continuous solar desalination.
Keywords/Search Tags:solar desalination, spinel materials, carbon-based materials, solar-thermal conversion, long-term evaporation
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