Design And Performance Research Of A Combined Ginger Seed Drill Based On Ergonomics

Ginger is a kind of cash crop with anti-inflammatory,antivomiting,antibacterial,antioxidant,anti-tumor and reducing blood sugar pharmacological effects.In recent years,ginger’s health and nourishing effect has been gradually recognized by the masses.The increasing market demand and the continuous expansion of planting area are of great significance to the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure and the increase of farmers’income to get rich.According to many years of experience and experimental tests of agronomy experts and large-scale growers,the uniform arrangement of scale-buds of ginger in the sowing process can greatly improve the utilization efficiency of water,fertilizer and light,increase yield,reduce various diseases,and also be more conducive to mechanized field harvest in the later stage.At present,the planting of ginger is mainly manual operation,which has a series of problems such as high labor intensity,low production efficiency and poor operation consistency.In addition,through the analysis of patent map technology,it is concluded that there is insufficient research on the joint operation machine of the mechanized planting technology of ginger.At the same time,the existing mechanized planting technology of ginger generally adopts the underconstrained seed guide,which is easy to change the posture such as rolling during the transport of ginger species,resulting in uneven plant spacing.Or the mechanical damage caused by needle-tied sowing could increase the risk of ginger blast.Therefore,it is of great significance to design and develop a kind of combined planter suitable for manual assisted operation to promote mechanization and large-scale planting of ginger root,promote precision and low damage seeding of ginger root industry and improve coordination of man-machine operation.Based on the above analysis,the main research contents of this paper are as follows:(1)Overall scheme design of ginger joint planter.Combined with the agronomic requirements of the sowing of rhizome argensis,this paper proposed and developed a complete scheme of the artificial assisted semi-automatic joint planter of rhizome argensis.The planter mainly includes frame,rotary tillage ditching device,disc ridging device,lifting and walking mechanism,conveying seeding device and seat,etc.It can also realize the functions of furrow opening,ridging suppression,artificial assisted seeding and equidistant spreading of ginger seeds.Based on this,the hydraulic system of the whole machine is designed and selected.The main content of the design includes two sets of load-sensitive synchronous loop subsystem and a set of pressure compensation sequence loop subsystem,which can meet the whole machine lifting and lowering while realizing the operation Angle adjustment of the conveying sowing device.In addition,the key components are designed parameterized by referring to the existing research and the three-dimensional dimension measurement of ginger seed.It lays a foundation for subsequent simulation evaluation and parameter optimization.(2)Ergonomics based manual operation simulation and human function parameter evaluation of ginger joint planter.According to ergonomic design theory,the improved design scheme of the whole frame of the ginger seeder was proposed.Two modes of static posture and dynamic working condition were adopted,and virtual seeding simulation and comparison tests were carried out on the schemes before and after the improved frame(scheme 1 and scheme 2)through the human working performance indicators such as comfort level,stress on the lower back and energy consumption rate.At the same time,the reasonableness analysis is carried out on the working condition of scheme 2 transporting ginger seed basket.It has been verified that the frame and layout scheme(Scheme 2)designed by ergonomics have good man-machine coordination.Then,finite element method is used to analyze the statics and vibration characteristics of Scheme 2 frame to further verify the stability and reliability of the frame.(3)Multi-body dynamic simulation analysis of hydraulic system and key components.According to the design scheme of the hydraulic system,the co-simulation model of the mechanical-hydraulic system is constructed by Recur Dyn and AMESim,and the data exchange is realized by FMI interface.The co-simulation analysis is completed and the working performance curve of the hydraulic system is obtained.Meanwhile,according to the design scheme of ridging for rotary farming,MBD-DEM coupling simulation method was used to simulate the operation process,and the mechanical performance parameters of key components were obtained by FMBD-DEM flexible multi-body dynamics analysis,and it was verified that each component could meet the operation requirements.Physical parameters of conveyor belt,steel,ginger seeds and soil and contact parameters among materials were calibrated by experiments.Meanwhile,MBD-DEM coupling simulation model of conveying and seeding device was constructed to analyze average plant spacing,ginger seeds stress and scale bud deviation rate.Key structural parameters(conveying roller diameter D_B,conveying belt thickness S_B and conveying dip Angleθ)were used as influencing factors.Taking average plant spacing as evaluation index,the optimal structural parameters of conveying seeding device were determined.(4)Bench test and working parameter optimization of conveying seeding device.The test bench of conveying seeding device was built and its structural parameters were verified by experiments after simulation optimization.The righting mechanism was designed and used to improve the seeding performance.The results of single factor comparison showed that the seeding effect was good when the roller brush was used and the righting height was 110～140 mm.In addition,the following species height,conveyor belt speed and driving speed were the influencing factors,and the orthogonal experiment was carried out with the variation coefficient of plant spacing,bud injury rate and positive bud rate as the evaluation criteria.The results showed that the optimal parameter combination(planting height of 50 mm,conveyor belt speed of 0.1 m/s and driving speed of 0.189 m/s)could basically realize the non-destructive planting of scale buds.The plant spacing variation coefficient was 4.8%and the positive bud rate was80.798%.