Programmable Quantum Simulation And Experimental Techniques On Photonic Quantum Chips

Quantum simulation is one of the most important applications of quantum computing.The primary concept of quantum computing is derived from the applications with quantum simulation.At present,quantum simulation is expected to play an important role in the research of condensed matter physics,quantum chemistry,biology and so on.The photonic quantum system is one of the main physical realization platforms of quantum simulation.Compared with other physical systems,it has unique advantages,such as the photonic qubits are not easy to be affected by environment noises and can be operated at room temperature.Constructing practical equipment for quantum simulation requires the physical equipment to be well programmable and scalable.Integrated photonic quantum technologies,which integrate the optical components into chips,have developed rapidly in recent years.And the scale of integrated optical components could be extended easily.Integrated photonic quantum technologies also promise the programmable re-configurations of integrated optical components.Therefore,the integrated photonic quantum chips can be used as an ideal physical implementation platform of quantum simulation.In this paper,we have proposed a group of programmable quantum simulation methods based on photonic quantum chips for some typical quantum many-body models in condensed matter physics and completed the corresponding numerical simulations and physical experiments.In addition,this paper also gives some preliminary design ideas and solutions to some scalability problems encountered in the development of experimental systems based on photonic quantum chip.Specific contributions of this paper include:· Propose a programmable quantum simulation method based on photonic quantum chip for perfect state transfer in one-dimensional quantum spin system and complete quantum simulation experiments with some variable parameters such as Hamiltonian,time of evolution and initial positions of excitations under two typical onedimensional quantum spin systems on photonic quantum chip.· Propose a programmable quantum simulation method based on photonic quantum chip for topological phases and edge states in topological insulator models and complete quantum simulation experiments for topological phase and edge states with different hopping parameters under two typical topological insulator models on photonic quantum chip.· Preliminarily design and implement an electrical wiring tool for the design of photonic quantum chip layout.And the electrical wiring task of a photonic quantum chip with more than 400 phase shifters is completed with this wiring tool; Preliminarily design and implement a photon detection system.And this photon detection system help to complete the detection of 40-channel photon signals through virtualizing a 10-channel single photon detector in the way of TDM.