Optimization Of Landscape Pattern In Mining Area Based On Ecological Risk Process Analysis

As China’s socio-economic level rises,the demand for mineral resources also increases,promoting the rapid development of the mining industry.The continuous high-intensity mining activities have had a serious impact on the natural ecological environment of mining areas and damaged the regional ecological security.How to deal with the relationship between resource development and ecological environment and optimize the landscape pattern for the ecological risk of mining areas is particularly important.This study takes a typical mining area in Daye City,Hubei Province as the research object,and carries out a study on optimizing the landscape pattern of mining area taking into account the ecological risk process analysis,and achieves the following research results.(1)Based on the "source-sink" theory of landscape ecology,the "source" and "sink" landscapes in the study area are identified,and the IMCR model is proposed to introduce risk source impact coefficients to quantitatively characterize The IMCR model was proposed to introduce risk source impact coefficients,quantify risk dispersion coefficients,risk sink sensitivity and exposure loss coefficients,and develop an ecological risk evaluation model based on the "source-sink" theory to evaluate the ecological risk of the mine area and provide ecological risk status of each unit for the subsequent ecological safety pattern construction.The results show that the ecological risk in the study area is high in the northwest and low in the southeast,and the high risk areas are mainly located in the northwestern town area and the central mining intensive area,while the low risk areas are mainly located in the eastern and southwestern areas,which are far away from the town and mining intensive area.(2)The MSPA method was used to analyze the landscape pattern,and six ecological source sites were identified,mainly in the eastern and southern areas of the study area,while only one ecological source site of small size existed in the northwestern area.The ecological risk value of each evaluation unit was used as the ecological resistance surface,and ecological corridors and ecological nodes were identified based on Cost Path and Linkage Mapper.The results showed that the ecological corridors in the eastern part of the study area were better connected,while the ecological corridors in the western part were too long,and the organisms were easily blocked during migration.(3)Based on the spatial distribution of ecological risks and the results of sourcecorridor-node identification,we propose to add three new ecological nodes to the ecological corridor to optimize the landscape pattern and enhance the overall connectivity of the ecological network in the study area.At the same time,ecological protection measures are proposed from the perspective of "area-line-point" ecological elements to form a landscape ecological protection pattern of the study area by dividing key protection areas,building isolated green belts and restoring ecological barriers.This study provides new ideas for the construction of ecological security pattern in the mining area through the optimization of the landscape pattern based on risk control,ecological protection and landscape harmony.