Evaluation On The Effectiveness Of Ecological Restoration Of Abandoned Open-pit Mines In Consideration Of Restoration Suitability

Mineral resources are indispensable natural resources for all countries in the world,important guarantee for the process of urbanization and modernization of the country,the foundation and inexhaustible driving force for social life,labor production and sustainable development.In recent years,with the continuous development and progress of the social economy,the scale of development of China’s mining industry has become larger and larger.Large-scale open-pit mining and the destruction of the ecological environment around the mining area have created contradictions,restricting the sustainable development of our country’s economy.Carrying out ecological restoration work in abandoned open-pit mining areas has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved today.In the past,mines were mined on a small scale and many mining areas were far away from cities.The ecological restoration of mining areas focused more on the restoration of mine greens.Nowadays,the restoration of mining abandoned land is being carried out on a large scale.The restoration goal should not only consider vegetation restoration,but also consider the suitability of the mining area after restoration,so that the restoration of the mining area can be more tailored to local conditions.Evaluating the effectiveness of the restoration of abandoned open-pit mines can not only discover some problems in the current restoration of abandoned open-pit mines,but also provide a reference direction for further restoration work,with a view to repairing mining areas according to local conditions and providing local residents with better ecological services.In summary,the evaluation of the effectiveness of ecological restoration of abandoned open-pit mines based on multi-source data and analysis of the suitability of restoration and landscape restoration are of great significance for solving the problems of environmental protection and comprehensive management of mines.The main research work of this paper is as follows:(1)Reconstruction scene identification of abandoned open-pit mining areaThe ecological restoration of the abandoned open-pit mining area is a complex and systematic project.After the restoration,there will be various types of spatial land in the mining area.In order to grasp the overall utilization direction of the mining area after restoration,this paper uses the random forest method in machine learning,according to the importance of feature elements and the spatial distance between features,a feature matrix of the restoration scene of the mining area is constructed to identify the restoration scene of the abandoned open-pit mining area.(2)Evaluation of suitability for restoration of abandoned open-pit mining areaThe suitability evaluation of the restoration scene of the abandoned open-pit mining area is the key to manage the mining area comprehensively.Based on the identification of restoration scenarios,this paper selects indicators from four perspectives: physical geography,construction economy,ecological protection,and public service facilities.According to different mining area restoration scenarios,different evaluation index systems are established to evaluate the suitability and the rationality of mining area restoration.(3)Comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of ecological restoration in abandoned open-pit mining areasThis article analyzes the effects of ecological restoration of abandoned open-pit mining areas from the aspects of the restored landscape pattern and the suitability of restoration comprehensively.First,this article analyzes the restored landscape characteristics of the mining area from the aspects of landscape fragmentation,landscape separation and landscape diversity,and then combines the restoration suitability,analyzes the effects of ecological restoration of abandoned open-pit mining areas comprehensively,and evaluates the extent of restoration of the current abandoned open-pit mining areas.In summary,this article identifies the restoration scenarios of the abandoned openpit mining area first,and then selects different index systems for suitability analysis based on different restoration scenarios.At the same time,it evaluates the landscape ecological restoration of the mining area.The combination of natural system restoration and social suitability restoration enables a more objective and true evaluation of the restoration effects of abandoned open-pit mining areas,aiming to provide direction for further restoration of abandoned open-pit mines and auxiliary decision-making for ecological restoration of abandoned open-pit mines.