Study On Landscape Pattern And Ecosystem Service Value Of Hefei Binhu New Area Under The Background Of Rapid Urbanization

Ecosystem services are the basis for human survival.Rapid urbanization not only improves living standards,but also changes landscape patterns and ecological processes,affecting the supply of ecological services and regional development.In order to realize the stable supply of regional ecosystem service value and promote the coordinated development of social economic system and natural ecosystem.In this paper,ENVI,Arc GIS and other software are used to process the remote sensing images and agricultural data of each period in Binhu New Area,study the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of landscape pattern and ecosystem service value,and use the correlation analysis method to study the correlation and impact between them.Finally,the landscape pattern optimization strategy is proposed,which is of great significance to optimize the human settlements and build ecological civilization.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)From 2005 to 2020,the landscape pattern of Binhu New Area changed significantly.The overall feature is that the area of construction land increased by 188.57%,replacing forest land and grassland landscape as the dominant landscape in the study area.The time mainly occurred before 2015.From the perspective of landscape types,the number of construction land patches decreased and tended to be concentrated.The number of forest patches increased,the average patch area and aggregation degree decreased,and the spatial connectivity decreased,showing fragmented and scattered distribution.The number of cultivated land patches continued to increase,and the aggregation degree decreased,indicating that the spatial connectivity of cultivated land landscape decreased.The water landscape and other land areas have little change.From the perspective of landscape level research,the landscape shape index decreased,and the aggregation and separation index fluctuated little,indicating that the dispersion degree between patches of different landscape types in Binhu New Area was relatively stable and the aggregation was strong.The decrease of the spread index indicates that the landscape spatial connectivity of the lakeside new area is reduced and the structure distribution is unstable.The diversity index and evenness index have little change,and the landscape dominance in the region is high and the diversity is poor.(2)From 2005 to 2020,the total value of ecological services in Binhu New Area continued to decrease.Among all landscape types,the contribution of forest ecological value is the largest,accounting for more than 70%.Among the individual ecological services,support and regulation services are the main ecological service functions of Binhu New Area,and the value of hydrological regulation decreased the most,by 132.57%.In terms of spatial distribution,most of the middle areas are low-value areas,and the highvalue areas are mainly distributed in the southwest and Southeast,showing a spatial pattern of "high in the East,low in the west,high in the South and low in the north".(3)The total value of ecosystem services is significantly positively correlated with the landscape shape index,aggregation index and spread index,and significantly negatively correlated with the diversity and evenness index,indicating that improving the regional landscape dominance,patch aggregation and patch connectivity can improve the value of ecosystem services.Landscape pattern changes have different impacts on various ecosystem services,and ecosystem services will optimize the landscape pattern by affecting the natural environment and socio-economic feedback.(4)According to the problems of serious fragmentation of landscape patches and poor spatial connectivity in the new lakeside area,aiming at improving the ecosystem service value of the new lakeside area,this paper puts forward landscape pattern optimization strategies from the two aspects of landscape composition and spatial structure,specifically including protecting ecological sources such as forest land and water area,building ecological corridors at different levels,and building and improving key ecological nodes,so as to ensure the regional ecological security of the new lakeside area,Achieve coordinated and sustainable development.