Production Of Bio-organic Fertilizer From Waste Mushroom Sticks And Its Application

The cultivation of edible fungi will produce many waste mushroom sticks.Some unused nutrients can be used for fermentation to produce bio-organic fertilizer.At present,the main raw materials of composting are livestock manure and straw.The use of waste bacteria rods to create bio-organic fertilizer can realize the recycling of agricultural and forestry wastes,which has a broad application prospect.In this paper,the waste mushroom sticks of chestnut mushroom were used as composting raw materials to create bio-organic fertilizer through secondary fermentation process,and the application of bio-organic fertilizer was studied through field experiments.The results are as follows:(1)Cellulose degrading bacteria D2 and XW-2,lignin degrading bacteria ZX-2,HG-3 and HG-5 were screened from cow dung and rotten wood.Through molecular identification of the strain,it was finally determined that the cellulose degrading bacteria D2 were Bacillus,XW-2 were Bacillus subtilis,the lignin degrading bacteria ZX-2 and HG-5 were both Bjerkandera,and the strain HG-3 was Antrodiella.(2)The above five strains were selected,and combined with the strains preserved in the laboratory,the strains that can grow together were constructed into a compound microbial agent XR.The total number of 10 functional bacteria in the compound microbial agent XR was 2.2×10~9CFU/m L.The bacterial bran was inoculated with different concentrations of compound bacteria for secondary fermentation,and CK in the control group was not inoculated with bacteria.The effect of compound bacteria on composting was studied.The results showed that the effect of 3%XR was better than that of M and control group.The number of effective living bacteria of the bio-organic fertilizer is 757million/g,with organic matter content of 55.4%,water content of 9.2%,total nitrogen content of 1.78%,total phosphorus content of 2.23%,and total potassium content of 2.02%.All indicators meet the national standards.(3)Taking the sweet potato field soil as the research object,the experimental group with bio-organic fertilizer and the control group without bio-organic fertilizer were sampled at 0,30 and 60 days respectively to determine the enzyme activity of soil samples.At 30 and 60 days,compared with the control group,the soil catalase activity of the experimental group increased by 66.7%and 300.0%respectively.In the experimental group,the activities of alkaline,acid and neutral soil phosphatases increased by 20.0%,4.7%and 3.5%respectively in 30 days.At the 60th day,there was no significant difference in the activities of three phosphatases between the experimental group and the control group.On the 30th day,the soil invertase activity in the experimental group and the control group changed little.On the 60th day,the soil invertase activity in the experimental group was 22.0%higher than that in the control group.On the 30th day,the urease activity in the experimental group was 7.7%higher than that in the control group,and on the 60th day,the urease activity in the experimental group was 50.0%higher than that in the control group.The results showed that the application of bio-organic fertilizer could significantly affect the activities of several biochemical enzymes in soil.(4)The soil samples from the field experiment of bio-organic fertilizer sweet potato can be analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that the richness and diversity of bacteria in sweet potato soil increased after applying bio-organic fertilizer.At the phylum level,the relative abundance of some flora has changed greatly.For example,the relative abundance of Actionbacteria decreased,while that of Acidobacteria increased.In the genus level analysis,there was a large difference in the soil bacterial richness between the experimental group and the control group on the 30th day.The dominant bacteria in SPE30d were Masslia and Pseudobacterium,while in SPC30d,the dominant bacteria were Pseudomonas and Pseudobacterium.The results of principal coordinate analysis(PCo A)of bacterial community show that the projection distance between the experimental group and the control group on Axis2 is relatively far,indicating that the composition of soil bacterial community has changed significantly after the application of bio-organic fertilizer.