Research On Tool Wear Monitoring Based On Real-Time Sensing Of Cutting Force

Modern machinery manufacturing industry is developing towards high-quality and efficient intelligent manufacturing,and the real-time measurement of processing information is the basis of manufacturing informatization and intelligence.The integration of intelligent functional components can give full play to the performance of machine tools to realize the real-time monitoring of processing status.Cutting force is an important physical phenomenon in metal cutting,which directly affects cutting heat,tool wear,tool durability and workpiece surface quality.The existing cutting force measuring instruments are often affected by the size of space and environmental factors.Through the research on the real-time sensing system of cutting force integrated into the turning tool bar,it has important theoretical significance and practical value to realize the intelligent monitoring of tool wear state in the turning process.The main research contents include:(1)Construction of real-time sensing system of cutting force.The stress state of the turning tool bar during actual cutting is analyzed.The sensor structure and measuring circuit for measuring the three-dimensional cutting force are designed according to the need of integrating the sensor into the tool bar matrix;Considering the characteristics of strain type force measuring sensor,the structure of strain bin is designed on the base of cutter bar to arrange the sensor;The structural optimization model of strain bin is established to obtain the optimal size of strain bin structure;The cutter bar system accessories are developed to determine the overall design scheme of the real-time sensing system of cutting force.(2)Calibration of real-time sensing system of cutting force.Build a static and dynamic calibration experimental platform to obtain the static and dynamic performance of the system.The actual cutting experimental platform is built,and the cutting force signals of the real-time sensing system of cutting force and the Kistler dynamometer are compared to ensure the working performance of the tool bar system and prove that it can be used for the real-time measurement of cutting force.(3)Tool wear condition monitoring based on real-time cutting force data.The relationship between real-time cutting force and tool wear is studied.Based on the developed real-time sensing system of cutting force,the experiment of turning titanium alloy bar with PCD tool is carried out;The wear morphology of PCD tool is observed and its wear mechanism is analyzed.The relationship between real-time cutting force signal and tool wear is established.It is verified that the cutting force signal measured by the developed tool bar system can be used to monitor and predict tool wear;The construction method of convolution long-term and short-term neural network model is studied.The characteristics of cutting force data are extracted adaptively through convolution neural network,and the time cumulative effect of wear characteristics is fully expressed by means of long-term and short-term neural network;The tool wear condition monitoring based on real-time cutting force data is realized by constructing the convolution long-term and short-term neural network model.