Analysis Of Spatiotemporal Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Air Quality In Gansu Province

Gansu Province,located in the northwest,has a temperate continental climate.Gansu is long and narrow as a whole,with rich landform.Its average elevation is about 2000 meters.In recent years,in order to develop economy,Gansu Province has developed industry and tourism at the expense of environment.Due to the concept of green mountains and green waters,the provincial government has vigorously promoted environmental protection policies in order to implement national policies,people’s awareness of environmental protection has risen.The environment in Gansu Province has gradually improved.Air is an important part of the environment and the basis for people’s survival.Air quality directly affects people’s quality of life.Taking 11 cities in Gansu Province as basic samples,this paper divides the whole province into four parts:Hexi Corridor,Loess Plateau,Longnan and Gannan Prefecture,and selects the monthly data from 2015 to 2020 to analyze the air quality in Gansu Province from two aspects of time and space.In the time dimension,the monthly,quarterly and annual change characteristic images of air quality in Gansu Province are obtained to analyze the monthly,quarterly and annual characteristics of air quality in Gansu Province.In the spatial dimension,the annual changes of four regions were observed to analyze the air quality in this province within one year.When measuring the air quality in Gansu province,AQI,PM_2.5 andPM₁₀ are used to represent the air quality.When studying the analysis of influencing factors,this paper divides the influencing factors into pollutant factors,natural factors and economic factors.It uses panel regression analysis,grey relational analysis and random forest to analyze the influencing factors of air quality in Gansu Province.The results show that the air quality of cities in Gansu province has improved in recent years,especially in Gannan area,and the results of air quality improvement are very gratifying.In northern Gansu,although the air quality has also improved,it is still in a good range.The main factors affecting the air quality in Gansu Province are the proportion of secondary industry,PM_2.5,PM₁₀,industrial enterprises above designated size,average air pressure and average temperature.However,natural factors are caused by high altitude and natural climate change,which cannot be changed.Therefore,it is necessary to change economic factors and air pollutants to improve air quality.The industrial structure of most cities in Gansu Province is unbalanced,with the secondary industry developed in Qingyang and Jiuquan,the tertiary industry developed in Longnan and Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,and the primary industry developed in Wuwei and Zhangye.Due to the unbalanced economic development and single industrial structure,the local air quality is affected.In addition,the low vegetation coverage and loose soil lead to a lot of local dust.Therefore,we should rationally adjust the industrial structure,reduce the combustion of sulfur-containing combustible materials such as coal and oil,choose more clean energy sources such as electricity and natural gas,and reduce the emission of industrial smoke and automobile exhaust,so as to improve air quality.