Research On Audit Risk Of Carbon Emission In Steel Industry

In recent years,one of the issues that countries all over the world attach great importance to is global climate change.Facing the major challenge of climate change,which affects the survival and development of human beings,136 countries in the world have put forward the commitment of carbon neutrality(the data is up to December2021).Low-carbon economy has become the main trend of world economic development.At present,the Chinese government also takes the opportunity of energy conservation and emission reduction to promote the green and low-carbon social development mode.As a high-carbon industry,iron and steel industry has already attracted the attention of governments around the world.Therefore,in the field of iron and steel industry to promote low-carbon production and development mode has reached a consensus in various countries.As the industry with the highest carbon emission in China’s manufacturing industry,the iron and steel industry is definitely a key industry to achieve the goal of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutrality".And steel is one of the first industries to be included,thanks to the EU’s revived Carbon Border Regulation Mechanism(CBAM).According to the research,the affected trade volume of the steel industry will reach 16.086 billion yuan,and the steel industry will pay about 2.6-2.8 billion yuan of carbon tariff every year,accounting for about 11%-12% of the price.According to existing data,after the transition period from 2023 to2025,the EU will completely cancel the free quota,which will lead to a21% increase in the cost of the steel industry.CBAM will have an impact on the cost of Chinese steel products exported to the EU by about25%.The increased export costs of Chinese iron and steel industry products caused by CBAM and the strengthening of carbon tariff barriers,combined with the frequent carbon emission data falsification cases in China’s carbon emission trading market,all show that the carbon emission accounting standards need to be unified,and the government-guided carbon emission audit needs to be strengthened urgently.At present,global carbon emission accounting standards,carbon emission evaluation standards and other systems are developing rapidly,but these systems have not been widely popularized in China.Moreover,the steel industry has many working processes,and the boundary of accounting is complicated.When using different carbon emission accounting methods introduced in China,the calculation results are quite different.The development of carbon emission auditing in iron and steel industry is facing more challenges.Based on the above,this paper takes T Iron and steel enterprise as an example to sort out and analyze all kinds of original data of carbon emissions in the process of crude steel production,and uses ISO series standards,Guidelines for the Preparation of Provincial Greenhouse Gas Inventories,and the fifth part of Greenhouse Gas Emission Accounting and Reporting Requirements:Four different carbon emission accounting methods at home and abroad are used in "Iron and Steel Production Enterprises" and "Greenhouse Gas Emission Accounting Methods and Reporting Guidelines for Chinese Iron and Steel Production Enterprises".The differences in carbon emission calculation results of tons of crude steel are compared under various carbon emission accounting methods,and the reasons for the differences are analyzed.At the same time,it explores audit risk points caused by inconsistent carbon emission accounting standards,insufficient carbon emission information disclosure,imperfect carbon emission audit mechanism,lack of carbon emission talents and lack of carbon emission audit supervision system in the process of carbon emission audit.From the perspective of government supervision,solutions to audit risks such as establishing scientific and unified carbon emission auditing standards for the steel industry,improving the quality of carbon emission information disclosure,deepening the management of carbon emission auditing and strengthening the construction of carbon emission auditing personnel are proposed.It is hoped that through the practical study of T Iron and steel enterprise,thoughts and suggestions will be provided for our iron and steel industry to formulate a unified carbon emission standard,improve the quality of carbon emission data of iron and steel enterprises,promote carbon emission audit risk management and control in the iron and steel industry,and avoid audit risk to the maximum extent.