The Suitability Evaluation Of Eco-tourism Development In Qinghai Area Of Qilian Mountain National Park

The establishment of a nature reserve system with national parks as the main body is an inevitable requirement for the construction of China’s ecological civilization system in the new era,and national parks not only undertake the important task of strengthening ecological protection and protecting the natural environment,but also an important place to meet the needs of the public for recreation and leisure,popular science education and scientific research and investigation.How to abandon the "overprotection" of national parks and how to face up to the role of ecotourism in the protection and development of national parks is crucial.As a typical nature reserve,constructive projects such as tourism development of national parks are bound to be strictly constrained by the ecological environment.Therefore,scientific division of areas suitable for tourism development in national parks has strong practical significance to support the high-quality development of Qinghai eco-tourism.Based on the evaluation of the suitability of ecotourism development in Qinghai area of Qilian Mountain National Park,the optimization scheme of ecotourism spatial layout is proposed,which is conducive to promoting the scientific and reasonable development of ecotourism resources in the park,transforming ecological advantages into industrial advantages and development advantages,and has important practical significance for implementing the construction of ecological civilization highland and building Qinghai Province into an international ecotourism destination.This study combines the concept of ecological civilization,sustainable development theory,tourism system theory,tourism location theory,multidisciplinary perspectives such as geography,tourism,management,ecology,etc.,combined with questionnaire research and statistical data,and analyzes the suitability level of ecotourism development in 17 townships in the study area by using analytic hierarchy,GIS spatial analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.On the basis of superimposed analysis of national park control zoning and land use status,the spatial layout of ecotourism development is optimized.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)From the perspective of "ecological protection,social economy,tourism resources,and tourism reception",the suitability evaluation system for ecotourism development under the background of national parks was constructed.(2)The Qinghai area of Qilian Mountain National Park is suitable for the development of eco-tourism as a whole,but there are certain differences in the suitability level of ecotourism development in the region.Based on the evaluation results,the 17 townships in the park were divided into three grades: highly suitable,moderately suitable and generally suitable,among which Babao Town was a highly suitable area for ecotourism development.Xitan Township,Huangcheng Mongolian Township,Dongchuan Township,Xianmi Township,Epu Township,Quankou Township,Arou Township,Zamash Township and Keluke Town are medium-suitable areas for ecotourism development.Bison Gou Township,Mole Township,Yangkang Township,Yanglong Township,Muli Township,Longmen Township and Suli Township are generally suitable areas for ecotourism development.(3)Superimpose the control zoning and land use status of Qilian Mountain National Park to obtain three types of spatial layout.The height,medium and general suitable areas of ecotourism development correspond to: the core area of all-round tourism and business services;Wellness experience and adventure tourism area;Scientific research and high-end customized tourism area.(4)Ecotourism is an important human activity that objectively exists in national parks.In this study,the existing spatial layout of the study area was optimized,and the spatial layout optimization scheme of "one core,two axes and six areas" was adopted to adapt to the suitability level of each township and the spatial distribution of tourism resources,which was conducive to meeting the development needs of ecotourism in Qilian Mountain National Park.