Heavy Metal Content And Health Risk Assessment Of Some Commercially Available Foods In Jiaozuo City

From ancient times to the present,food safety is the most important thing for human beings,however,there are always risks and problems in food industry.Food safety is a particular concern to the whole society.In order to study the characteristics of heavy metal content in food sold in Jiaozuo city and assess the health risks caused to residents,the thesis adopts inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to analyze the Pb,Cd,Cr,As,Ni,Cu and Zn levels contained in some foods which are being sold in the city,and combines the one-factor pollution index with the Nemero comprehensive pollution index method to do the pollution evaluation,and then employs the US EPA health risk evaluation model to assess the health risks of residents after ingesting heavy metals.The conclusion is as follows:(1)The content of Zn and Cu in cereals in Jiaozuo City is higher,while Cd and Ni is lower,among which Cr in rice,Pb in corn,and Cd in flour are the highest in the corresponding elements in grain samples;the content of Cu,Zn,Ni,Cr in beans is generally higher than that of Pb,Cd,As;the content level of heavy mental in vegetable is Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > As > Pb > Cd,and the heavy metal content of edible mushroom vegetables is generally higher.(2)The content of heavy metals Cd and As in all cereals meets the requirements of national standards,and the Pb content in some rice and corn exceeds the standard;the Pb,Cd and Cr in some bean samples exceed the standard;in all vegetable categories,the edible mushroom have the highest level of heavy mental that exceeds the standard,while the 7 kinds of heavy metals in cabbage vegetables meet the requirements of the national standard.(3)In the grain samples,rice,flour and corn as a whole are at a safety level;in the bean samples,the comprehensive pollution index of soybeans and peanuts are 2.37 and0.9 respectively,which are at the moderate pollution level and warning level;in the vegetable samples,the comprehensive pollution index of edible mushrooms and kale are1.42 and 0.9 respectively,at the light pollution level and warning level,and other categories are at the safety level.(4)After Analyzing the sources of heavy metals in food,it finds that Ni,Cu,Zn and As in cereals may come from agriculture;Cd and Cr from nature;Pb from coal and gasoline.In pulses,Cu,Zn,and As come from agriculture,Ni and Cd from industrial emission,and Cr and Pb from nature.Cu and Zn in vegetables come from agriculture,As and Pb come from transportation and agriculture,and Ni,Cr and Cd from industrial emission.(5)Based on the health risk evaluation results of the total amount of heavy metals,the non-carcinogenic health risk index is greater than 1,including heavy metals in rice and flour for adults and children,heavy metals in beans for children,and heavy metals for children in leafy vegetables,edible mushroom,and root vegetables.The carcinogenic risk of Cd in peanuts to children is higher than the safe threshold,and the carcinogenic risk in other situations is below the safe threshold.(6)According to the proportion of food composition in China’s dietary guidelines,the thesis tries to superpose the risk values of cereals,beans and vegetables in Jiaozuo City,then gets a conclusion that the comprehensive non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk values of adults and children exceeded the safety standard,indicating that eating these food will cause great threats to residents’ life.Vegetables,especially mushroom,cause the biggest non-carcinogenic risk;grains,especially rice,are the biggest carcinogenic risk;and beans,especially peanuts,are the same as the gains.Therefore,it is recommended that residents should reduce the intake of rice,peanuts and edible mushrooms accordingly,and the relevant departments should strictly control the pollution of Cd and Cr in these three types of food.