On The Legal Regulation Of The Initial Allocation Of Carbon Emission Rights In My Countr

As global temperatures continue to rise,many countries are implementing measures to reduce carbon emissions.As one of the world’s largest carbon emitters,China is actively promoting the establishment and development of carbon emission trading markets.China launched a pilot carbon trading market in 2011,followed by Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai,Chongqing,Hubei,Guangzhou and Shenzhen.With the rapid development of China’s carbon emission trading market,it is important to strengthen theoretical and practical research and application.In2020,the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the Measures for the Administration of Carbon Emission Trading(Trial)to strengthen the effective administration of carbon emission trading.Although this approach has established clear guidance for supervision,it still has deficiencies such as insufficient supervision and single punishment measures.In addition,this practice has low legal status and lacks the provisions of superior law.Meanwhile,China’s carbon market is expanding.In the aspect of quota allocation,there are still some problems,such as free allocation of quota,lax overall planning,and the proportion of auction needs to be improved.It is very important to ensure the smooth operation of the carbon market,and the initial allocation of carbon emission rights is the premise of the carbon emission rights market trading,which is an important part of the whole carbon emission trading system.The initial allocation quantity of carbon market trading is directly related to the ability of effective operation of the market,and thus affects the realization of the purpose of carbon emission trading system.At present,we have established the distribution rule of carbon emission right based on "total control".However,due to the lack of sufficient legal protection,the initial distribution system has defects.Therefore,perfecting the initial allocation of carbon emission quota plays an important role in constructing the unified carbon trading market.The first chapter introduces the concept and nature of carbon emission rights,discusses the theoretical basis of carbon emission rights trading and the content of initial allocation of carbon emission rights.The second chapter focuses on the present situation of carbon emission right,especially the problems existing in the legal system of initial distribution.This includes the legislation and practice of the five cities and two provinces pilot areas and the national unified carbon trading market.The third chapter describes the EU carbon emission trading system and the US regional greenhouse gas emission reduction action,and summarizes the experience of the initial allocation of carbon emission rights in the EU and the US.In the last chapter,the suggestion of perfecting the initial distribution system of carbon emission right is put forward in view of the development of carbon emission right.