Research On Wireless Charging And Data Acquisition System Of Sensor Node Based On UAV

The application of wireless sensor networks is more and more extensive,but the continuous energy supply and data transmission of nodes have became two major problems that need to be solved urgently in the process of its development.Using wireless charging to supply power to sensor nodes and using an UAV as a carrier for data collection have very important practical significance and engineering value for the development of wireless sensor networks.In view of the application requirements of passive sensor nodes and active sensor nodes,this paper designs two sets of wireless charging and data acquisition systems for sensor nodes based on electromagnetic radiation,and uses the UAV to carry the transmitter to supply energy and acquire data of nodes.The main research work is as follows:(1)For passive sensor nodes,a combination of radio frequency identification technology and sensors is used.The transmitter uses an R2000 RFID reader,and the microcontroller is programmed to control the reader.The receiver is designed with a sixfold voltage rectifier circuit,which converts RF energy into DC voltage and power supply for subsequent microcontrollers,RFID tags and sensors,and finally transmits data through the reader.(2)For active sensor nodes,an RF transmitter module for generating RF energy and a sink node for wireless communication are designed,and the sink node realizes the function of wireless communication and RF transmitting module by programming.The receiving end also adopts the six-fold voltage rectifier circuit,and a wireless rechargeable active sensor node based on ZigBee wireless communication protocol for data transmission is designed..(3)The selected DJI Matrice 300 RTK UAV is re-developed by using DJI’s OSDK development kit.The UAV is able to fly to the sensor node autonomously and drive the reader,RF transmitter module and sink node to work.After completing the design and debugging of the two systems,two experimental secnarios of open ground and building walls are constructed respectively.The test results show that the system designed for passive sensor nodes can complete wireless charging and data transmission of the node within fifteen seconds at a distance of 1 meter;The system designed for active sensor nodes can supply node energy at a distance of 0.4 m and collect the data of the sensor.Both systems improve the charging efficiency by reducing the power consumption of the nodes,which can alleviate the problem of insufficient energy supply and blocked data transmission of wireless sensor nodes to a certain extent,and provide a reference for the application of wireless rechargeable sensor networks.