Integrated Power Generation Efficiency Of Solar Photovoltaic-Thermoelectric Composite Module Based On Liquid Cooling

With the development of economy and society,mineral resources such as coal mines and petroleum are continuously being mined,which will inevitably lead to the exhaustion of fossil energy.In order to solve the dilemma of traditional energy sources,it is necessary to optimize the energy structure and find alternative new energy sources.Solar energy has received extensive attention as a safe and renewable clean energy source,and solar photovoltaic technology can convert light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect,which is widely used in daily life.At the same time,the thermal radiation of sunlight can adversely affect the solar cell.Photovoltaic cells can absorb up to 80%of the incident solar radiation available in the solar spectrum.Limited by the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cell technology,only a certain percentage of the incident energy absorbed will be converted into electrical energy,and the remaining energy will be lost on the surface of the battery through the way of heat,resulting in an increase in temperature,which will increase its short-circuit current and open circuit.When the voltage drops,the output power of the photovoltaic cell decreases,and the efficiency of the cell also decreases,causing waste of energy.Thermoelectric material is a kind of functional material that uses the solid internal carrier movement to convert thermal energy into electrical energy,which can absorb thermal energy and convert it into electrical energy.Therefore,if the photovoltaic technology and the thermoelectric technology can be used in combination,and the solar radiation and the heat radiation can be utilized at the same time,the solar cell temperature will be kept in a reasonable range,which can not only maintains high efficiency,but also use thermoelectric technology to absorb heat to generate electricity,so as to realize the efficient use of solar energy.In this paper,several photovoltaic-thermoelectric composite components were designed and fabricated by combining photovoltaic technology with thermoelectric technology and liquid cooling heat dissipation.The photovoltaic cells of polycrystalline silicon,monocrystalline silicon and copper indium gallium selenide thin films were tested under three different light intensities of 1000,800,400 W/m2.We get the whole process efficiency and power density variation of the composite module from zero to steady state with the illumination time,and hope to provide guidance for practical applications such as photovoltaic power station and solar buildings.In summary,the following conclusions are drawn:1.The temperature rise will have a negative impact on the efficiency and output power of the photovoltaic module.When the operating temperature of polycrystalline silicon battery is 40-50℃,the operating temperature of monocrystalline silicon battery is 45-55℃,and the operating temperature of CIGS thin film battery is 22-25℃,the energy conversion efficiency of photovoltaic module is the highest.2.Additional water-cooled plate and thermoelectric modules greatly improved the temperature of the photovoltaic cells.Under the three light intensities,the temperature of the photovoltaic cell has a partly decline.The stronger the light intensity is,the larger the decline range is.Taking the polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell as an example,the steady state temperature of the photovoltaic cell under the light intensity of 1000 W/m2 from 86.8℃ to 54.1℃,the total efficiency increased from 15.6%to 21.1%,and the use effect of composite components is fairly good.3.The energy utilization of photovoltaic cell/water-cooled plate and photovoltaic cell/thermoelectric module is weaker than that of the photovoltaic cell/water-cooled plate/thermoelectric module.Under the premise that the thermoelectric module has additional thermal resistance,the water-cooled component can still maintain the operating temperature of the photovoltaic module in an appropriate range,and the overall efficiency is improved due to the introduction of thermoelectric power.4.As the light intensity decreased,the temperature rise trend decreased.When the light intensity is 400 W/m2,the natural heat dissipation basically met the heat dissipation requirements of the photovoltaic module,and due to the failure to achieve the ideal lighting conditions,the overall efficiency of the composite component is slightly improved but the effect is not satisfactory.