Research On The Authentication Mechanism Of Charging Pile Based On Blockchain

Recently,the transition from traditional vehicles to electric vehicles(EV)has become quite necessary and urgent due to the goal of carbon neutrality,which requires reductions in the consumption of fossil fuels such as petroleum.Charging piles serve as an indispensable infrastructure for the development of EV,and therefore the management system related to them is in urgent need of construction.From the perspective of information security,the interaction between EV and charging piles will inevitably arouse conflicts between the need of identity authentication and the need of privacy protection.On the one hand,charging service providers need to ensure the legal identity of their service users through identity authentication.On the other hand,traditional authentication services cannot guarantee the safety of users’ privacy.Since EV owners need to get their cars charged quite frequently,and the identity of the user is easily disclosed due to the car license plate,which is the unique identification of an EV,over time,the charging service providers can acquire a large amount of customer information,including their personal data,location patterns,and charging habits.Consequently,studies on a security authentication protocol for charging pile service with the function of privacy protection are quite necessary.Besides,the centralized trading mode adopted in the traditional energy trading market has obvious drawbacks including high costs of maintenance and lack of transparency.As a distributed ledger,blockchain has the characteristics of decentralized,open,and transparent transactions that cannot be tampered with,and is suitable for charging pile security certification scenarios.Based on the application background mentioned above,this paper builds a charging pile trading model based on consortium blockchain and also design a security authentication protocol for charging pile service with the function of privacy protection under the environment of blockchain by applying elliptic curve cryptography(ECC).The main work of this paper is as follows:First,for the security authentication requirements of vehicles and charging piles in the same administrative region,this paper proposes a two-way anonymous identity authentication protocol based on ECC by referring to the study conducted by Sahil Garg et al.This protocol achieves anonymity by following the process that the regulator randomly generates a set of pseudonyms for the vehicle when it is registered and uses a different pseudonym each time the vehicle initiates a charging request.In addition,when malicious vehicles attempt to operate illegally in the system,the illegal transaction information will be reported to the regulator by the charging pile,so that the regulator could trace the real information of those vehicles and prohibit them from joining the system to ensure the security of the system.Compared with the existing protocols,the one designed in this paper can avoid the overhead of certificate issuing and management and meanwhile maintains high efficiency as well as practicability without the need of complex bilinear pair operation.Second,for the problem that the vehicle and the charging pile are not in the same administrative region,that is,not in the same trust domain of the blockchain,a crossdomain identity authentication protocol on the consortium blockchain is designed.On account of the current situation of the domestic development of charging piles,the protocol will establish a system architecture for charging piles under the consortium blockchain,add the regulatory agencies in each domain to the same consortium blockchain,and write the registration information of vehicles and charging piles into the chain,so that a two-way cross domain authentication could be completed through the interaction with the regulatory authorities.Compared with the existing schemes in terms of communication cost and operation efficiency,the proposed protocol in this paper is verified to be feasible and highly efficient.Through the scheme proposed in this paper,it could be guaranteed that users are able to access the charging pile system and request corresponding services safely,which has practical and applied significance in stimulating the development of EV and charging piles.