Research On The Public Policy Tools For Energy Administration In Dalian’s Power Industry Based On The Peak Carbon Emissions And Carbon Neutrality Background

In the past few years,of the frequent occurrence of sharp changes in global climate,natural disasters and extreme weather,solving the problems of carbon emission and global warming has been critical responsibility and obligation for the world.The industrialization process since the reforming and opening up has made China to be the biggest energy consumer in the world.As one of the great powers in the world,China must shoulder the great power responsibility to coping with climate change with the world and push the green development with low carbon.As the biggest singular industry with the highest total carbon emissions in China,the power industry is not only a pioneering industry to achieve the goal of "peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality" but also a key field to push energy reform,urge the structural adjustment in the industry and complete the goal of "peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality".Based on the major background of insisting on"the five development ideas" and the goal of "peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality",enhancing energy administration in the power industry has been the action for all regions in China.With the great development of the power industry,the energy administration of the power industry has been forming a scale.The government and departments also issue many policies and laws to push the energy development of the power industry so as to advance the development of the industry.Since the important speech and directive spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping on “peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality” content was released,Dalian City has presented new energy guaranty policies to implement the guiding spirit of the General Secretary and to build up a pioneering city to reach the "peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality" in the power industry.The city adopts positive measures to keep proceeding with the development of clean energy.The largest liquid flow energy storage power station in the world,the first nuclear power plant in the Northeast and the biggest offshore wind power in the North have been incorporated.The proportion of installed capacity of regional clean energy is 61.3%,which is number one in the Northeast and the leading one in the whole country.It has been built with the first high-voltage marine shore power project,the first optical storage charging integrated charging station and the only project to replace wind power with coal power in the Northeast.A correct and reasonable selection of public policy tools could enable China to have a better optimization of policy design,improve the public policy system of energy administration in China and ensure the achievement of the goal of "peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality" with a premise of meeting the domestic situation.The paper mainly analyzes the current situation and problems of the public policy tools of Dalian City in the energy administration in the power industry so as to provide a reference for other regions.With Dalian City as a study object and the new public administration theory,energy administration theory,and public policy tools selection theory as a theoretical foundation,the paper carries out a study on the public policy tools of Dalian City for the energy administration in the power industry under the background of "peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality" through literature analysis and case analysis.It is found from the study that most of the policy tools used by Dalian City are mandatory while the mixed and voluntary tools are in the subsidiary status.Under the background of the new challenge raised by the "peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality",compared with the previous tools selection,there are the following problems for the public policy tools of Dalian City in the energy administration of the power industry:bigger difficulty in the implementation of policy,insufficient competitiveness for the low core technology and lack of a regulatory mechanism for system construction for selecting much more mandatory tools;while in the selection of less mixed and voluntary tools,there is obstruction of the endogenous power of enterprises for no activation of the roles of market and government,imperfect taxation and financial instruments,the unimplemented complementary function of voluntary organizations and the lower enthusiasm of policy object to participating in administration.Based on the problems found in the study,the paper proposes optimization suggestions from the three aspects,including the mandatory policy tools,mixed tools and voluntary policy tools with a reference to the experience of the cities with the better improvement along with the goal of "peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality".Firstly,improve the application of mandatory policy tools to enhance the policy guidance,break through the core technology and build up diverse energy administration mode;secondly,enhance the use of mixed policy tools to activate the enterprise vitality,to display the role of the market and to push the energy and power technology innovation to achieve the increase of the energy utilization through fiscal policy;thirdly,think highly of the application of voluntary policy tools to inspire the supplementary function of voluntary organizations to integrate bigger social resources,break through the limitation of public support,ensure the participation of much more social groups and enhance the publicity and support of energy administration policies in the power industry.The innovation of the paper is to analyze the selection of public policy tools in the field of energy administration according to the need for the goal of "peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality".With the power industry as a beginning industry of energy administration,the paper makes the basic theories and methods of policy tools selection an important study basis of power energy administration.Through sorting the public policy tools selection of Dalian City in the energy administration for the power industry,the paper analyzes the problems in the public policy tools selection of Dalian City in the energy administration for power industry under the background of "peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality" and proposes correspondent suggestions and countermeasures to optimize the selection of policy tools for energy administration in the power industry.