Research On Spatial Optimization Of Rail Transit Station Areas Based On The Characteristics Of Residents’ Activities

At present,China’s urban rail transit construction is in the stage of rapid development.As a public transportation with large volume,rail transit has a guiding and driving effect on the development of areas along the line,and also plays a positive role in promoting low-carbon travel of residents and stimulating the vitality of urban space.However,in the process of rail transit construction,the problems such as waste of space resources,the imbalance of full-time vitality,the separation of employment and residence in some rail transit station areas have become increasingly prominent,the environment of urban space in these station areas needs to be optimized urgently.Based on the characteristics of residents’ activities,this paper reflects the status quo of space use in the rail transit station areas,explores the built environment indexes of station areas that affects residents’ activities,and provides referential suggestions for the optimization of the rail transit station areas with the goal of improving residents’ activity level.Firstly,this paper sorts out the characteristics of residents’ activities and the relevant concepts and theories of the rail transit station areas,and the influence of the built environment elements of the station areas on residents’ activities.Secondly,based on the open data of urban space,field survey and Internet LBS data,the study selected the surrounding areas of 123 rail transit stations that had been built in the central district of Nanjing by the end of 2020 as the research area,and collected statistics and evaluated the data of the status quo of built environments and characteristics of residents’ activities.Thirdly,the built environment index optimization system of rail transit station areas based on resident activity characteristics was established using gradient boosting decision tree and SHAP model interpreter.Then,this paper screens the built environment indexes having significant effects on residents’ activity,explores synergies between significant index elements and other indexes,proposes suitable value interval and cooperative optimization conditions for the built environment indexes with great effects.Finally,according to the above research results,combined with the optimization direction of different types of stations,the corresponding optimization strategy is proposed from the three levels of land use,public transport facilities and road system.Research suggests that built environment indexes in rail transit station areas including building density,road density,proportion of residential land,road accessibility,the number of bus lines,the average building height and number of intersections have significant effects on the residents’ activity characteristics,and there is nonlinear relationship between residents’ activity characteristics and contribution of each index,there is a synergistic effect between significant factors and other indexes.The appropriate interval of relevant values and the cooperative optimization conditions are given.On this basis,combining with optimization directions of different station types and existing problems in typical station areas,the paper puts forward targeted optimization strategies for the control of building space form,land use function configuration,public transport facilities planning and configuration,connection of public transports,road form and accessibility optimization in rail transit station areas to improve the level of residents’ activities.(The total thesis is about 77000 words,with 86 figures and 11 tables)...