Optimization Method Of Seat Allocation For High-speed Railway Trains With Time-Varying Demand

With the rapid development of high-speed railway,the service level has been improved remarkably as the benefit of network operation,which makes the passenger demand increase strongly.Seat allocation with high quality could provide significant guarantee for improving the service of passengers and enhancing operation efficiency of high-speed railway system.However,the traditional optimization methods of seat allocation in the existing railway system cannot solve the problem of high-speed railway considering the time-varying demands.This thesis proposes an optimization method of seat allocation to better meet the time-varying demands of passengers and improve the operational efficiency of high-speed railway enterprises.The main work and contributions of this thesis is stated as follows:(1)Consider the time-varying demand of high-speed railway and the advance ticket booking choice of passengers,construct the time-space network of passenger flow assignment for high-speed railway based on the principle of seat sharing and a given seat allocation scheme,respectively,conduct network passenger flow equilibrium analysis.Formulate the corresponding user equilibrium models for high-speed railway flow assignment problem.(2)For the optimization problem of high-speed railway seat allocation with fixed time-varying demand,a bi-level model is formulated to describe the master-slave game relationship between high-speed railway enterprise seat allocation and passengers’ advance ticket booking choice: where the upper-level model determines seat allocation scheme,and the lower-level model describes the user equilibrium for high-speed railway flow assignment problem based on the seat allocation scheme of upper-level.Design the model solving algorithms,convert the bi-level model to a mixed integer linear programming model to obtain the global optimal solution.Compared with the passenger flow equilibrium assignment with seat sharing,this method can achieve the "Paretoimproving" state of all passengers.(3)For the optimization problem of high-speed railway seat allocation with elastic time-varying demand,a bi-level model is also formulated.Different from the optimization of seat allocation with fixed time-varying demand,this optimization model aims at maximizing the sum of high-speed rail enterprise ticket revenue and passenger consumer surplus,and reflects the characteristics of passenger demand changing with the general cost.Design the model solving algorithm to obtain the approximate optimal solution.Compared with the passenger flow equilibrium assignment model with seat sharing,this method can attract more passengers to travel by high-speed railway under the premise of achieving the "Pareto-improving" state of all passengers.(4)Through the verification of simple network and ZhengzhouXi’an high-speed railway actual network,the differences in general cost of passengers among seat sharing model with fixed time-varying demand,seat allocation optimization model with fixed and elastic time-varying demand are analyzed.Verify the effectiveness of the model and the solution algorithm.The thesis proposes a systematic theory and method of seat allocation optimization for high-speed railway trains,including the construction of time-space network,passenger flow equilibrium analysis and seat allocation optimization.This method comprehensively considers the benefits of high-speed railway enterprises and passengers,can better meet the time-varying needs of passengers,achieve the "Paretoimproving" state of all passengers,and provide theoretical benchmark and decision support for high-speed railway enterprises to formulate seat allocation scheme.There are a total of 20 figures,21 tables,and 95 references.