| In high-voltage power equipment,especially outdoor insulation equipment represented by insulators,higher and higher requirements are placed on the surface flashover performance of materials.Studies have shown that superhydrophobic surfaces are beneficial to improve the flashover characteristics of insulating materials in complex operating environments.In this paper,silicone rubber was used as a substrate to prepare composites from both macroscopic and microscopic levels using polyamide meshes and nanoparticles.The macro-micro-scale structure of the composite material is regulated by polyamide mesh,and its micro-nano-scale structure is regulated by nanoparticles.By controlling the mesh number of polyamide and the proportion of nano-fillers during the preparation of composite materials,the controllability of the binary micro-nano structure on the surface of the material is realized.In this paper,the hydrophobic and flashover properties of the controllable binary micro-nano structure were studied,and superhydrophobic materials with high surface flashover properties were successfully prepared,and the flashover properties of the materials were improved by more than 30%.First,an experimental measurement platform was built in this paper,a composite material of "nanofiller(modified Al2O3)+polyamide mesh+insulating substrate(silicon rubber)" was designed and prepared,and a preliminary characterization test was carried out.The test results show that:the experiment successfully constructed a binary micro-nano structure on the surface of the composite material,realizing the superhydrophobic function of the material and the simultaneous improvement of its surface flashover performance,and the flashover voltage increased by 20%.Secondly,this paper further studies the effect of the micro-scale structure in the binary micro-nano structure on the surface hydrophobicity and flashover properties of the composites.In this paper,composite materials of 40-600 meshes with different polyamide mesh numbers were prepared and studied.At the same time,multiple groups of control groups were set up in the process of sample preparation to dynamically monitor the changes of sample materials during the experimental preparation process.Studies have shown that nano-alumina particles with low surface energy play a crucial role in the realization of the superhydrophobic function of composite materials,and composite materials with different mesh numbers have achieved superhydrophobic function;at the same time,the mesh size of polyamide mesh The increase can improve the superhydrophobicity of the material to a certain extent;under the comprehensive influence of creepage distance,local electric field distortion,and surface trap changes,the 300-mesh polyamide mesh composite shows the best anti-flashover performance along the surface.Finally,the effect of nanoscale structure on the surface properties of composites is investigated.On the basis of 300 mesh polyamide mesh,the influence of nanoscale structure on the overall hydrophobicity and flashover properties of the material was studied by adjusting the mass fraction of nanoparticles(modified Al2O3,MWCNT)during the preparation process.The research results show that the modified nano-Al2O3 and MWCNT can improve the flashover performance of the composites to a certain extent.With the change of the ratio of nano-alumina and carbon nanotubes,the flashover voltage showed a trend of first increase and then decrease.At γAl2O3=6%and γCNT=0.15%,the flashover voltage along the surface of the composite material is the highest,and the overall increase is more than 30%.In summary,the composite preparation method proposed in this paper,namely"nanofiller+polyamide mesh+insulating substrate",successfully constructed a controllable binary micro-nano structure,and realized a superhydrophobic surface with high surface flashover performance.The preparation provides a new idea for research in related fields,and has certain demonstration and reference. |
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