3D Printed Metal Hollow Microlattice Electrodes And Their Electrochemical Water Splitting Performance

Automobile is essential in daily life,however,traditional fuel vehicles also have many disadvantages,including serious pollution and lack of energy.In order to achieve the double carbon goal,the development of vehicles using other energy sources is the focus of the moment,among which fuel cell vehicles have the most promising development prospects.As hydrogen is the energy source of fuel cell vehicles,the preparation of hydrogen fuel is the primary link in the development of fuel cell vehicles.Hydrogen production from electrolytic water stands out among many hydrogen production methods with the characteristics of green and sustainable development,however,at the current level of development,there are still challenges to achieve large-scale hydrogen production by electrolysis,including high energy consumption in the hydrolysis process and short lifetime of the electrolyzer.Therefore,the development of efficient and stable catalytic electrodes is of great importance for the development of water electrolysis.The performance of catalytic electrodes depends relys on the intrinsic activity of the catalyst and the structure of the electrode.The high printing accuracy,complex structure molding and controllable structure of 3D printing technology provide technical support for the preparation of electrode structures with high specific surface area and ordered pores.（1）Firstly,3D microlattices polymer samples with octahedral truss structure as the base unit were prepared by surface projection light-curing 3D printing technology,then the polymer samples were metallized by electroless plating and electroplating,followed by annealing process and hydrogen reduction steps to obtain 3D metallic hollow microlattices electrode substrates.The prepared electrode substrate has small density and resistance,strong pressure bearing capacity,large loadable area and ordered pores with appropriate size.The electrode substrate combined with the catalyst has excellent water splitting performance.3D Ni@Ni Fe P HM in 1 M KOH electrolyte,theη₁₀ corresponding to OER and HER and water splitting are 153.36 m V,35.29 m V,1.46 V,respectively,and the stable catalytic time reaches 800 h（OER）and 120 h（HER）.And by comparing with the catalytic electrode prepared on nickel foam substrate,it was verified that the reasonably designed electrode structure facilitates the transport of bubbles to improve the utilization of active sites as well as has a high ECSA.（2）The catalytic electrodes were prepared by combining 3D Ni HM electrode substrate with inexpensive and outstanding catalytic activity Ni Mo P double transition metal phosphide by hydrothermal and phosphorylation process,and the prepared electrodes have excellent HER performance thanks to the reasonably designed electrode structure.The relationship between the catalysts prepared with different atomic ratios of nickel and molybdenum and their properties was studied.The completion indicates that as the atomic ratio of Ni to Mo is 1:3,the electrode achieves the best HER performance,theη₁₀ in alkaline environment is 32.74 m V,and the stable catalytic time is 40 h(10 m A cm^-2).