Evaluation And Optimization Of Urban Park Green Space Construction Effect Based On The Perspective Of Human Life Cycle

With the high development of urbanization in China,urban construction has entered a highquality stage.As an important part of improving the quality of urban connotation,people’s demand for park green space has gradually expanded from simple rest and sightseeing to sports and leisure,getting close to nature and social life.At the same time,the rapid aging of the population and the full liberalization of the three-child policy have led to more complex intergenerational relations and exacerbated the contradiction of outdoor recreation demands of all ages.Therefore,guided by the concept of human life cycle,this paper evaluates the completion effect of typical urban park green space in Nanjing from the perspectives of children,middle-aged and young people and the elderly,and explores the optimization strategy of urban park green space based on the perspective of human life cycle,so as to provide new ideas for the planning and construction of high-quality urban park green space.The main contents of this paper are as follows:Firstly,study the physiological,psychological and recreational behavior characteristics of people of all ages in the whole life cycle,and explore the site characteristics that can meet the activity needs of children,middle-aged and young people and the elderly.Then,two regional comprehensive parks in Nanjing,Hexi Central Park and Nanhu Park,are selected for comparative research,and the built environment,the activity characteristics,the use of people in the whole life cycle and the current situation of activity sites of the two parks are investigated and analyzed.On this basis,it summarizes the commonness and differences of users’ preference for activity venues in the whole life cycle: in terms of commonness,users of all ages have high requirements for convenience and comfort;In terms of differences,children and the elderly pay more attention to safety,while middle-aged and young people and the elderly pay more attention to communication.For children,the entertainment function and interest of the venue are highly attractive;Middleaged and young people prefer diverse,beautiful and high-quality space;The elderly prefer venues with a sense of belonging,daily exercise and multiple functions.Secondly,combined with the field investigation and expert scoring of the two parks,an evaluation system of the completion effect of urban park green space based on the perspective of human life cycle is constructed from three aspects: children,middle-aged and young people and the elderly.The evaluation indicators based on children’s needs are divided into four criteria levels:safety,convenience,comfort and interest,with a total of 18 indicators;The evaluation indexes based on the needs of middle-aged and young people are divided into four criteria levels:convenience,comfort,attraction and communication,with a total of 15 indexes;The evaluation indicators based on the needs of the elderly are divided into five criteria levels: safety,convenience,comfort,attraction and communication,with a total of 20 indicators.Thirdly,a questionnaire survey was conducted for users of all ages,and the importance and satisfaction of the built environmental factors of park green space were evaluated from the perspective of users through IPA analysis.The evaluation results show that the overall satisfaction of all ages in the two parks is less than the importance evaluation,indicating that the green space in the two parks can not meet the needs of users in the whole life cycle in some aspects.In terms of importance,children and the elderly score higher,indicating that they have higher evaluation standards and more urgent needs for the park.In terms of satisfaction,Hexi Central Park has the highest satisfaction of middle-aged and young people and the lowest satisfaction of the elderly;Nanhu Park has the highest satisfaction of the elderly and the lowest satisfaction of children.From the IPA quadrant,Hexi Central Park is convenient,but less interesting,attractive and communicative;Nanhu Park has high security and communication,and the distribution of attraction and children’s interest is scattered.From the perspective of different age groups,children pay more attention to safety,the improvement of barrier free facilities and the role of the park in the development of children’s comprehensive quality;Middle-aged and young people mainly focus on the diversity of spatial functions,the identifiability of venues and the sense of experience;The elderly should pay more attention to safety,the improvement of barrier free facilities and the construction of a sense of belonging.Finally,according to the analysis of the built environment and use of Hexi Central Park and Nanhu Park and the evaluation results of the built effect,this paper analyzes the existing problems of the park green space in Nanjing,puts forward the universal optimization strategy of park green space in Nanjing from the five aspects of safety,convenience,comfort,attraction and communication,and selects Nanhu Park as the empirical site for optimization design.Starting from these five levels,the transformation scheme gives priority to the part with low satisfaction in IPA evaluation,so as to verify the feasibility of the optimization strategy proposed in this paper,hoping to provide reference for the construction of full-age shared park green space.