Optimization And Design Of The Radioactive Solid Waste Monitoring Channel Of The Pressurized Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plant

Nuclear power is the inevitable choice to optimize the energy structure in China.The radiation monitoring system,one of its main systems,undertakes the continuous monitoring and automatic control of the radioactive solid waste treatment process system,which is of great significance to the safe and stable operation of nuclear power plants.This study solves the common problems of radiation monitoring systems such as low environmental adaptability and frequent false alarms of monitoring channels in PWR nuclear power plants,It also optimizes and verifies the defects in the design of monitoring channel,improves the system safety,simplifies the overall structure,reduces the number of equipment,and is conducive to promoting the localization development of nuclear power equipment.In this study,the voltage / frequency conversion mode of detector preamplifier and local processing unit,which are prone to failure in the monitoring channel of pressurized water stacking radioactive solid waste ionization chamber in China,is used for technical analysis.Taking the regional ionization chamber detector as an example,the feasibility of replacing domestic detector is put forward by comparing and calculating its technical parameters.Secondly,the common problems of the monitoring channel of radioactive solid waste ionization chamber in PWR nuclear power plant are analyzed.From the influence of the environment in the process equipment room on the inner cavity of the ionization chamber,the weak measurement current signal changes;Weakening of detector aerial plug-in,instrument grounding and cabinet line shielding external interference function;Start with the radiation effect and damage of long-term high radiation on the internal components of the detector.By designing an embedded detection mode and embedded detection device,the problem of frequent false alarm of ionization chamber detector due to the influence of external factors such as environment and radiation is effectively solved.In addition,the embedded detection method also realizes the maintenance and test of the monitoring equipment in the high radiation area by the staff of the nuclear power plant in the low radiation area,so as to reduce the problem of additional radiation dose exposure caused by maintenance.The embedded detection method can also eliminate the influence of other radiation sources on the measurement of the detector and effectively improve the detection accuracy.Finally,the defects in the design of the monitoring channel are optimized and verified.It includes the optimization of the layout of the measuring device pipeline of the radioactive gas and aerosol monitoring channel shared by the process plants such as solid waste,and solves the phenomena that affect the measurement accuracy,such as backsuction,flow instability and condensation of the monitoring channel device.The optimization of data transmission channel structure not only improves the system security,but also simplifies the overall structure of the system,reduces the number of equipment,and is conducive to promoting the development of localization.