Study On Parking Choice Behavior Of Drivers In Central Commercial Area

With the momentum of domestic economic development,the domestic private car ownership has increased,but the matching parking facilities have not kept up,which has led to the increasingly sharp contradiction between domestic parking supply and demand,parking problems are increasingly complex and prominent.And China’s commercial center parking problem is more obvious.First,there is a serious shortage of parking spaces in the central business district and its surrounding areas,especially in the peak hours of holidays,and the contradiction between parking supply and demand is more acute.Secondly,the utilization of parking facilities in and around the central business district is unbalanced,especially the utilization rate of parking facilities far away from the central business district is very low;The third manifestation is that the parking facilities in and around the commercial center area do not have differential and generally low charges,and fail to make good use of price leverage to regulate the parking problems in the area.These problems make it difficult to park in the central business district,and drivers need longer time to find suitable parking facilities,which brings additional burden to the already busy road traffic in the central business district.Parking is not only a problem for static traffic,but also a problem for dynamic traffic.To solve the parking problem in the commercial center,we need to study the parking choice behavior of drivers in the commercial center,and only by knowing more about their behavioral characteristics can we formulate scientific and reasonable policies to regulate their behavior and use technical means to solve the parking problem.In general,the effectiveness of policy and technical tools depends on whether the tools can influence drivers’ choice of parking facility type.Based on this,it is important to know and study which factors have an impact on drivers’ choice behavior and to what extent.Taking drivers in the central business district as the research object,the author analyzes drivers’ choice of parking facilities in the central business district.Firstly,the research status at home and abroad is studied and sorted out,and the existing research methods,research objects,modeling methods and shortcomings of parking choice behavior are summarized and analyzed.After the definition of CBD,the study of drivers’ parking process in CBD is introduced,and the parking characteristics of drivers in CBD are analyzed.Then,the parking choice behavior of drivers in the central business district is defined,and the factors that affect the parking choice behavior of drivers in the central business district are defined,and how each influencing factor affects the parking choice behavior of drivers in the central business district is analyzed.Secondly,the author designs a questionnaire based on the research content,and obtains the data of drivers’ characteristics,parking characteristics,parking facilities characteristics and personal attitude characteristics of drivers in the central business district.According to the process of “reliability test-KMO and Bartlett spherical testcorrelation factor analysis”,the author examines the data of the observation problems set by the potential variables of personal attitude characteristics,such as safety,convenience and accessibility,and makes preparations for the subsequent modeling.Then,the author applies structural equation model to quantify the potential variables in personal attitude characteristics among the influencing factors,quantifies the potential variables by the relationship between explicit variables and potential variables and the relationship between potential variables and observed variables,and outputs the corresponding quantitative expressions.Then,the quantitative expressions are input into MNL model based on random utility theory,and the model of drivers’ parking choice behavior in central business district is built,so as to analyze drivers’ ’parking choice behavior in central business district.At last,the author takes the driver’s parking choice behavior in Chongqing Nanping Wanda Commercial Center as an example,quantitatively expresses the potential variables such as the safety,convenience and accessibility of drivers facing different types of parking facilities,and calibrates the parameters of MNL model,SEM1-MNLmodel and SEM2-MNLmodel to obtain the proportion of parking facilities selection.Through the comparison among the models,it is found that the goodness of fit ratio of each model is between 0.2 and 0.4,which has a good degree of fitting.Compared with MNL model without considering potential variables,SEM model with potential variables has a better degree of fitting,and the goodness of fit ratio is increased from 0.298 to 0.332.By comparing the model results with the actual results,it is found that SEM2-MNL model has the highest accuracy in predicting drivers’ parking choice behavior in the central business district,and the error is only about 1%.