Study On The Layout Optimization Of Rural Residential Areas In Ningling County

In recent years,with the overall planning of rural revitalization,the quality of life of the people has been continuously improved,and the rural population has gradually decreased.However,the land for rural residential areas has been increasing,and the number of cultivated land has decreased year by year,posing a threat to the national food security.In recent years,the No.1 central document of the Central Committee has the requirements of strengthening rural construction,deepening land reform and scientifically classifying villages.It can be seen that the party and the state attach great importance to the optimization of rural settlements.In order to explore the potential of villages and alleviate the contradiction between people and land,it is necessary to study the optimization of the layout of rural settlements.As a province with a large population in Central China,Henan Province has a relatively high proportion of plains and basin areas.The study of rural residential areas in Plains is of great significance to other similar areas.In view of this,Ningling County in the plain area is selected as the research object in this study.With the help of remote sensing images,official census,questionnaire and other multi-source data,Envi,Fragstats,Arc GIS and other software are used to process the data.The current situation of rural residential areas in Ningling county is analyzed by combining the landscape pattern index analysis method,nuclear density estimation method,entropy method,etc.,and the minimum cumulative resistance model is introduced to evaluate the suitability of rural residential land,Combined with the analysis of the current situation,this paper classifies the rural residential areas,and finally puts forward the optimization strategy of residential areas.The main contents of this paper are as follows:(1)explore the current situation of rural settlements in Ningling county.Based on the "central place theory","landscape ecology theory" and "scale economy and agglomeration economy theory",a status analysis framework is constructed to measure and visualize the service facilities,characteristics of rural settlements and village development potential,and analyze the characteristics of rural settlements in Ningling county.(2)Explore suitability of rural settlements.According to the analysis of the current situation,select the appropriate expansion sources and resistance factors of residential areas,and use Arc GIS to build the minimum cumulative resistance model to evaluate the suitability of rural residential areas in Ningling county.(3)Classify rural residential areas and put forward optimization strategies.According to the classification principles and current situation analysis,the rural settlements are classified,and the relevant optimization strategies are put forward to provide research reference for the optimization of rural settlements in plain areas of China.Finally,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)On the whole,the service facilities in Ningling county are in a spatial agglomeration pattern of "one main,two auxiliary and multiple nodes",and the distribution of villages and towns outside the ground is uneven;The number of rural residential areas shows the characteristics of "sparse in the East",the scale shows the characteristics of "small in the north and large in the South",and the form is complicated year by year;The per capita construction land area of rural residential areas in the county is 192.42m2.The land consolidation potential of residential areas is large,but the development potential of villages is insufficient.55.78% of the villages’ development potential is lower than the average value,so the layout of rural residential areas needs to be optimized.(2)Through the suitability evaluation of rural residential areas,it is found that the overall suitability of the whole county is high,with the expansion source of residential areas as the center to spread around,and the suitability zoning area decreases with the decrease of suitability.The worse the suitability,the larger the per capita construction land area of rural residential areas.Among them,the number of residents in the more suitable area is the largest,the difference between the number of settlements in the highly suitable area and the general suitable area is small,and the area and number of settlements in the less suitable area and the unsuitable area are small.(3)Based on the suitability evaluation,the rural residential areas in Ningling county are divided into four categories,namely,suburban integration,agglomeration and upgrading,renovation and improvement,relocation and merger,of which the renovation and improvement category is the most,the agglomeration and upgrading category is the second,and the suburban integration category is the least;The gravity model is used to determine the direction and path of the relocation and merger of residential areas.The results show that the optimization of rural settlements can effectively improve the quality of rural settlements in Ningling county,renovate "hollow villages",solve the problems of large number of rural residents,irregular shape and insufficient coverage of service facilities,effectively alleviate the contradiction between people and land,and promote rural revitalization.