Research On The Construction Techniques And Contemporary Translational Design Of Tibetan Qiangeizhu Diaolou In Banma County,South Qingnan

There are various types of traditional Tibetan dwellings in China.The main ones are Diaolou in Kangba area,Diaofang in Weizang Area,and village hall in Amdo area.The Tibetan dwellings in some areas are unique due to the influence of geographical environment.Guoluobanma County,Qinghai Province,is located in the transitional zone between Kangba and Amdo regions.There are a large number of Tibetan-style diaolou houses with eaves and columns on both sides of the Make River in the region,which has a long history and distinct characteristics.Through investigation,it is found that in the traditional villages on both sides of the Make River,along with the economic development,a large number of Tibetan traditional houses with eaves and pillars-style diaolou have undergone a sudden change in construction logic and chaotic artistic style in the process of evolution and transformation,leading to the loss of traditional features and the difficulty of inheritingtraditional skills.Therefore,it is urgent to study their traditional construction skills and propose a design path for renovation.This paper studies the construction techniques of Diaolou folk houses on both sides of the Make River in Banma County,Qingnan by field investigation and model analysis.Firstly,the paper summarizes the physical geography,settlement history and landscape pattern of Make River Valley on the macro level,analyzes the spatial form and environmental composition of villages on both sides of the Make River in the middle level,and summarizes the environmental characteristics of eaves pillbox towers in the river valley and the current situation of newly built pillbox towers from the micro level,and points out the influences of various factors on the uniqueness of Qingeaves Pillbox towers.Form the foundation for constructing the theory and logic of Diaolou translation;Secondly,the technical characteristics of the traditional eaves pillar-shaped diaolou are analyzed from regional differences,construction procedures,structural forms,wall technology,spatial layout,door and window construction,elevation composition,structural decoration and other aspects,so as to show the regional uniqueness of the eaves pillar-shaped diaolou,and provide traditional wisdom support for the modern translation of the diaolou.Finally,based on the previously summarized technical features of traditional diaolou,this paper extracts,simplifies and abstracts traditional technical elements,integrates modern construction techniques,integrates old and new architectural design vocabulary,and explores a suitable translation and design path for diaolou with eaves and columns.Based on the above research,it is concluded that:First,the formation of Banma Eaves pillar Diaolou is the common result of natural environment,ethnic migration,social culture and regional village development,with natural environment as the decisive factor.Second,the translation is based on the traditional Diaolou culture,art and technology system,integrating new technologies and refining old and new techniques.Third,the traditional construction technique of diaolou with eaves and columns is a comprehensive and systematic summary of the construction characteristics and ecological experience of traditional Diaolou residential buildings in Banma.Fourthly,the redesign of Banma Diaolou takes the construction tradition as the basic element,combines modern elements,integrates old and new elements,and interprets it into modern language to form a new type of Tibetan Diaolou residence with eaves and columns that is suitable for modern Make Valley.