| With the deepening of the concept of energy conservation and environmental protection,solar photovoltaic power generation has gradually received attention.Photovoltaic power generation can improve and adjust the consumption structure of energy and realize the optimization and substitution of energy,but its power generation efficiency is an important factor affecting development.The dust deposition on the surface of the photovoltaic module reduces the transmittance of the module surface,which reduces the power generation efficiency.In this paper,the influence of dust on the performance of photovoltaic modules in natural environment is studied by mathematical model and outdoor experiment.The specific work is as follows:(1)This paper analyzes the causes of dust on the surface of the component,the types of dust accumulation and the factors affecting the dust on the surface of the component,and then summarizes the main force of dust particles on the surface of the component.According to the force analysis,the force adhesion model of dust particles on the surface of the component is obtained.(2)The power generation theory of photovoltaic module is briefly described.The influence of dust accumulation on the module is analyzed,and the heat balance equation of the module after dust accumulation is obtained.The transmission spectrum of dust is introduced.Combined with the overlap theory,the integral operation is carried out for different wavelengths of solar rays,and the same solar power of the module after dust accumulation is obtained.Then the power generation and performance parameter model of the module after dust accumulation are derived.(3)The experimental platform was built,and different experimental cycles were set to obtain the dust density on the surface of photovoltaic modules with different inclination angles in the natural environment.The dust accumulation model on the surface of photovoltaic modules corresponding to the experiment was established,and the results of dust accumulation simulated by FLUENT were obtained.The results show that the error between the simulated dust accumulation results and the corresponding experimental results is between 4.47% and 22.28%,which is within the acceptable error range.The possible causes of errors(modeling,simulation calculation,particle movement,particle deposition)are analyzed to verify the feasibility of this dust accumulation model.(4)The dust movement in the natural environment shows different effects in different seasons.Therefore,the analysis method of correlation coefficient is proposed to explore the influence of surface dust on the performance parameters of PV modules under different seasons and inclination angles.The results show that the dust accumulation,temperature difference and power loss rate in spring all turn when the inclination angle is 30 °,and the correlation between the three is strong.In summer,the surface dust of the component reduces the irradiation area of the incident light,affects the heat dissipation of the component,and makes the temperature difference fluctuate greatly at different inclination angles.The amount of dust accumulation in autumn is the largest,and the highest point is 1.29 g with an inclination angle of 15 °,which shows an opposite correlation with temperature difference and power loss rate.The power loss rate in winter is higher than that in other seasons,with the highest value of 30.08%.The correlation between the three is greater in autumn than in other seasons.The correlation coefficient between dust accumulation and temperature difference is-0.86,the correlation coefficient between temperature difference and power loss rate is-0.87,and the correlation coefficient between dust accumulation and power loss rate is 0.85. |
