A Study On The Impact Of National High-tech Zones On Economic Growth

During the "Fourteenth Five Year Plan" period,with the development of a century of changes,severe and unstable.China’s economy has entered a new development period,and the global economic environment has become increasingly complex and severe.As a national industrial development highland and a scientific and technological innovation highland,the National High tech Zone should seize the new opportunity of productivity jump,actively meet challenges,strengthen the original innovation ability,accelerate the attack on core technologies,make every effort to create both "high" and "new" advantages,and become the first array to support the self-reliance of high-level science and technology.This paper takes 169 national high-tech zones approved to be established in1988-2020 as the research object.Firstly,on the basis of elaborating the relevant concepts and theories of national high-tech zones,this paper discusses the impact mechanism of high-tech zones on economic growth from the aspects of industrial agglomeration and innovation efficiency.Secondly,comb the development history of the National High tech Zone,and accurately depict the development status of the National High tech Zone from the overall development,industry development and independent innovation.Then,based on 284 prefecture level cities involved in 169 national high-tech zones,the industrial agglomeration level and innovation efficiency of national high-tech zones were measured respectively.Then,using the multi period double difference model,148 prefecture level cities that have been approved to build national high-tech zones are taken as the experimental group,and the remaining 136 prefecture level cities that have not been approved to build national high-tech zones constitute the control group to explore the net effect of the establishment of national high-tech zones on economic growth;Then,the panel regression model is used to explore the linear impact of industrial agglomeration,innovation efficiency and their interaction on economic growth of national high-tech zones.The level of industrial agglomeration,the proportion of high-tech enterprises and R&D input intensity are selected as threshold variables,and the panel threshold model is used to explore the nonlinear impact of national high-tech zones on economic growth.Finally,some suggestions are put forward.The results show that:(1)National high-tech zones are developing rapidly as a whole,but the development of regions and industries is uneven.The east-central region,with its superior geographical location and resource allocation advantages,makes the development speed and output efficiency of national high-tech zones in the region better than those in the northeast and west.The electronics and communications equipment manufacturing industry has developed rapidly,outperforming other industries in terms of both the number of enterprises and output benefits.The number of enterprises and the efficiency of enterprises in the information chemical manufacturing industry both show a decreasing trend year by year.(2)There is regional heterogeneity in industrial agglomeration,and the level of industrial agglomeration in all regions has increased,the central region being relatively average,the western region being relatively low and on the decline,and the northeastern region having great room for development.(3)The benefits of innovation are becoming more prominent and the efficiency is increasing,and innovation subjects,innovation strength and innovation output have all increased significantly.the average DEA efficiency value of all regions has increased,with the fastest increase in the eastern region,which has reached above 0.8,followed by the central region,and the relatively weaker northeastern and western regions.The DID model shows when the R&D investment intensity is around 3.6%,indicating that innovation investment must undergo sufficient accumulation before the transformation from quantitative to qualitative change can occur,the R&D investment intensity should be controlled within a reasonable range,which is also in line with the empirical results,that is,when the R&D investment intensity exceeds 3.61%,its role in promoting economic growth will be reduced again.The innovations of this paper as follows:(1)Considering the interactive relationship between industrial development and innovation development,the paper introduces the interactive term of industrial agglomeration level and innovation efficiency,and explores the impact of the interaction on economic growth.(2)When exploring the threshold effect of industrial agglomeration,consider that national high-tech zones mainly rely on high-tech enterprises for industrial development and innovation research,and introduce the proportion of high-tech enterprises as the threshold variable to make the research more scientific and reasonable.