Study On Landscape Evaluation And Optimization Strategies For Catastrophic Event Type Site Memorial Parks

In recent years there have been many catastrophic events at home and abroad,and this has led to an increasing emphasis on the commemoration of catastrophic events.A large number of memorial sites for catastrophic events have appeared in front of people’s eyes one after another.Although they play an educational and warning role,the lack of functionality and other reasons lead to a lack of interactive experience for visitors,and the simple stopping and visiting makes the spirit and significance of memorials weakened.Based on this background,it is important to explore the landscape evaluation system and optimisation strategies of disaster-event type site memorial parks as a research object for the benign development of the parks.This article is mainly based on collective memory theory,disaster psychology theory,post-traumatic stress theory,cultural heritage protection theory and environmental psychology theory,and uses field research,questionnaire survey,literature research,factor analysis and descriptive analysis methods to conduct the following research: firstly,through on-site field research and classic case analysis,we summarise and outline the advantages,characteristics and existing problems of disaster-event-based site memorial parks.Firstly,through on-site research and analysis of classic cases,we summarised the advantages,characteristics and existing problems of disaster-event-based heritage memorial parks.Secondly,based on the research results and the analysis of relevant literature,an evaluation index set of 28 indicators was initially established.On the basis of the preliminary evaluation index system,a questionnaire survey on the importance of evaluation indicators was conducted using a fivelevel Likert scale,and the questionnaire data were collated and analysed using SPSS for item analysis,reliability analysis,correlation analysis and factor analysis,to filter and construct a landscape evaluation index system for disaster-event type site memorial parks,which contains four criteria layers,seven primary indicators and 26 secondary indicators,and to determine the four criteria for the evaluation of disaster-event type site memorial parks.The four criterion layers for the evaluation of the landscape of disaster-event type site memorial parks are overall environment,landscape aesthetics,use demand and site ontology,and with reference to relevant norms and standards,the evaluation criteria for the landscape of disaster-event type site memorial parks were established.Then,using factor analysis to determine the weight of each index,the landscape evaluation system of disaster-event type site memorial parks is finally established,and based on this,the optimization strategy of disaster-event type site memorial parks is proposed.Finally,the Tangshan Earthquake Site Memorial Park and the Nanjing Massacre Victims Memorial Park were selected for practical application: the evaluation system was used to rate the two spaces,and a comprehensive analysis was carried out by descriptive analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,in which the Tangshan Earthquake Site Memorial Park was rated as "fair" and the Nanjing Massacre Victims Memorial Park was rated as "fair".The park was rated as ’fair’ and the Nanjing Massacre Memorial Park was rated as ’good’,which was combined with previous research to verify the scientific,relevance and practicality of the evaluation system,and to optimise the practice for existing problems.By constructing a landscape evaluation system for catastrophic event-based site memorial parks and conducting a comprehensive evaluation of typical cases,the thesis identifies existing problems and proposes optimisation strategies to provide reference for future exploration of related types of landscape design.