Residential Suitability Assessment Of Large-scale Immigrant Resettlement Areas In Gansu Province

Suitable living environment is the cornerstone of effective and stable resettlement project.Relocation can not only reduce the continuous impact of human activities on the ecological environment,but also facilitate the rapid recovery and reconstruction of the ecological system in the resettlement area.From 2015 to 2020,China has successively completed the relocation and resettlement of about 10 million registered households in remote mountainous areas,poverty-stricken areas,and dangerous disaster areas.A total of 35,000 resettlement areas and about 2.66 million sets of resettlement houses have been built;Gansu Province has a total of build 1,724 resettlement areas,including 73 large-scale resettlement areas(points).In addition,in order to reduce the threat of natural disasters such as landslides and mudslides to people’s lives and property,maintain regional ecological security and stability,and improve the quality of living environment,Gansu Province plans to implement ecological and geological disaster avoidance and relocation projects from 2022 to 2026,and re-plan and resettle There are 264,300 households and 1,039,500 residents.However,the resettlement project is large in scale,tight in time,and heavy in tasks.Gansu Province has complex topography,fragile ecological environment,and tense man-land relationship.Most of the existing research has focused on livelihood resilience and social integration after resettlement.The living suitability of largescale resettlement areas is explored from multiple dimensions such as safety and environmental comfort.Therefore,it is particularly important to achieve the dual goals of a happy and stable life for immigrants and a harmonious coexistence between man and nature,while avoiding secondary damage to the ecological environment caused by resettlement through scientific and reasonable assessment of the residential suitability of resettlement areas.Based on this,this paper takes large-scale resettlement areas in Gansu Province as the research object.First,combined with existing research and field surveys in large-scale resettlement areas,the AHP method is used to select topographic and geological stability,natural ecological comfort,economic development vitality,A total of 29 residential suitabilityrelated indicators in five dimensions,including location,traffic accessibility,and public service convenience,were used to construct an evaluation model;secondly,Arc GIS software was used to conduct multi-index superposition analysis and mathematical operations of residential suitability to explore 73 large-scale immigrants in Gansu Province.The spatial distribution characteristics of residential suitability in resettlement areas;thirdly,through the empirical analysis of typical ecological resettlement areas in Gansu Province,the cumulative frequency curve fitting of the evaluation results of residential suitability and population density is used to verify the evaluation of residential suitability in large-scale resettlement areas The accuracy of the model;finally,according to the different geographical divisions of the study area,suggestions for optimization of resettlement and living suitability are put forward.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)The residential suitability of 73 large-scale resettlement areas in Gansu Province presents a spatial distribution characteristic of high in the north and low in the south.Among them,the suitability of the large-scale resettlement areas in the central cities of the Hexi Corridor is higher than that in the southern mountainous areas;the residential suitability index is inversely proportional to the altitude,which is directly proportional to the economic vitality,and the suitability of resettlement areas near traffic arteries and water systems is significantly higher than other areas.The comprehensive index of residential suitability of the 73 large-scale resettlement areas is the highest at 7.47,the lowest is 3.82,and the average comprehensive suitability index is 6.12;10 of the 73 large-scale resettlement areas are most suitable for living,accounting for 13.70%,and 58 of them are more suitable,accounting for 79.45% %,generally suitable 5 accounts for 6.85%,critically suitable 2 accounts for 2.74%,and unsuitable accounts for 0.The average distribution of the suitability of each dimension of the 73 large-scale resettlement areas in the study area showed significant differences,among which the topographic and geological stability was significantly higher than the convenience of public services and the accessibility of traffic;the average suitability of each dimension was:topographic and geological stability > economic development vitality > natural ecological comfort > location transportation accessibility > public service convenience.(2)The overall housing suitability of resettlement in Gansu Province presents the spatial distribution characteristics of a "point-axis" shape with the central city of the Hexi Corridor decreasing step by step from north to south.On the grid scale,the most suitable areas for resettlement and living in Gansu Province are mainly distributed in the main urban areas of the core cities of the Hexi Corridor,and the unsuitable areas are mainly located in nature reserves such as Qilian Mountains;the suitability area is: relatively suitable area > general suitable area >critical area suitable area > unsuitable area > most suitable area,among which the area of comparatively suitable area is 130256.5km~2,accounting for 31.09%,which is significantly larger than other areas;the area of most suitable area is 21478.51km~2,accounting for 5.13%;the area of unsuitable area is 52852.14km~2,accounting for 12.61%.Under the administrative scale,the average value of comprehensive suitability index for resettlement in 14 cities and prefectures in Gansu Province is greater than 3,among which the maximum and minimum values of residential suitability index are in Jiuquan City,and the average value of Jiayuguan City’s comprehensive suitability index is the largest;The spatial distribution law of the comprehensive suitability index is the same as that of cities and prefectures.(3)There is a positive correlation between the residential suitability and population distribution of typical ecological immigration areas in Gansu Province(p<0.01),and the higher the residential suitability index,the higher the population density.When the residential suitability index is 60,the slope of the cumulative population percentage curve is the largest.When the suitability index is less than 50,the proportion of the population is less than 5%.After the implementation of ecological resettlement,the living suitability of resettlement and the speed of vegetation recovery increased significantly,and the comprehensive suitability of living was as follows: resettlement area > overall resettlement area > core resettlement area.Due to the high altitude,steep slope,poor traffic conditions,and high susceptibility to natural disasters in remote mountainous areas,the suitability of resettlement areas is relatively low;the population around the central urban area is concentrated,the infrastructure is perfect,and public services are convenient,so the suitability of resettlement is higher.high.Starting from the suitability of living in large-scale immigrant resettlement areas,comprehensively considering multi-dimensional factors such as topography and geology,natural ecology,economic development,location transportation,public services,etc.,combined with empirical analysis of grid scale,administrative units,and typical ecological immigration areas,to carry out the research on the living suitability of large-scale resettlement areas in Gansu Province will provide decision-making support and spatial guidance for the resettlement department;it will help improve and optimize the quality of living environment in the built resettlement areas;it will help Gansu Province to avoid subsequent ecological and geological disasters.implementation of risk planning and regional ecological security protection;assist resettlement areas to actively integrate into new urbanization and achieve high-quality development.