Study On The Design Of Local Landscape Simulating Natural Plant Communities In Protected Areas

In this study,the natural vegetation of Qingyazhai National Nature Reserve in Hebei Province was taken as the research object,and the wild plants and natural communities were investigated by systematic sampling method.After sorting out the data of plant quadrats,the characteristics of plant resource flora,community types and species diversity were analyzed,and the evaluation system of resource utilization value was established to classify the native plants and recommend the plants with higher grades.On the basis of the above,the four ecological landscape construction types of rain garden,wild flower combination,honey powder source wild flower belt and bird habitat were simulated.The native plant landscape design of the natural community was carried out and the demonstration was carried out in the ecological park,which provided some reference value for the plant configuration of urban and rural natural landscape.The main findings are as follows :(1)A total of 615 species of wild plants were recorded in this survey,belonging to 100 families and 357 genera,including 95 families,325 genera and 519 species of native plants and 42 families,78 genera and 96 species of non-native plants.(2)According to the relative importance value of species,75 plant quadrats were classified into 16 natural community types by TWINSPAN classification.According to their functional characteristics,they were divided into ornamental,environmentally friendly and productive plant communities.CCA ordination was used to analyze the ecological relationship between natural communities and slope,aspect and altitude.Among them,the most relevant environmental factor was altitude,with a correlation coefficient of 0.6122.The alpha diversity index was used to analyze the species diversity of natural plant communities in Qingyazhai National Nature Reserve.The analysis showed that the species diversity in the study area was high and the natural community was stable and healthy.(3)The analytic hierarchy process was used to establish a resource utilization value evaluation system for the 504 native plants investigated.The 63 kinds of trees,76 kinds of shrubs,347 kinds of herbs and 18 kinds of vines were divided into four grades according to the comprehensive evaluation scores.Finally,five kinds of trees with high ornamental value,ecological value and economic value,such as Pistacia chinensis,Sorbus pohuashanensis and Cornus walteri,eight kinds of shrubs such as Milk vetch,Vitex negundo var.negundo and Mosla chinensis,ten kinds of herbs such as Vicia amoena,Polypogon japonicus and Sanguisorbae Radix,and three kinds of vines such as Ampelopsis scandens and Clematis taihangensis were recommended.At the same time,for the subsequent simulation of natural communities to create urban and rural landscape to select the appropriate native plants.(4)The Inner Ear Lake Ecological Park of Wu ’an National Forest Park,which is close to the reserve and has similar habitats,is selected as the demonstration park.Based on the concept of ecological restoration,four ecological landscape construction types are selected according to the functional zoning of the park,including rainwater garden,wild flower combination,honey powder source wild flower belt and bird habitat.On the basis of previous community analysis and plant screening,a local natural community landscape with clear ecological service function and high landscape is created according to the design objectives and principles.In this study,native plants were used to simulate the landscape construction of natural communities in urban and rural ecological landscapes,which not only effectively improved the problem of single plant species and urban regional characteristics,but also promoted the utilization of local native plant resources and restored the vitality.Highly productive plant communities and sustainable ecosystems are of great significance.