Research On Live Protection Of Qiang Characteristic Villages Based On Landscape Performance Evaluation

Ethnic minority villages in China are the precipitation of the cultural heritage of China’s ethnic minorities,which show the historical and cultural changes and cultural landscape of the ethnic minorities in terms of the spatial pattern of the villages,the architectural style of the villages and the folk customs of the villages,ethnic minority villages are living fossils of ethnic history and culture.In order to protect and develop ethnic minority villages,the State Ethnic Affairs Commission and the Ministry of Finance have carried out the naming of ethnic minority villages in China.Most of the villages named in Sichuan with Qiang characteristics were built on the original site or new site after the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake in accordance with the traditional culture and living habits of the Qiang people.According to the cultural tourism development model of characteristic villages,combining the local Qiang culture and ecological tourism resources,Qiang village tourism has formed four cultural tourism brands: Qiang culture tourism,characteristic tourism,ecological tourism and rural tourism with Mao County ancient Qiang city as the core and radiating outward.However,some of these Qiang villages are still facing serious problems and challenges in terms of living conservation and development after being named as Qiang villages with special characteristics,which due to many factors such as geographical constraints,slow economic development,lack of cultural heritage protection and imperfect protection and development mechanisms.This paper takes the Qiang villages in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan,which have been selected for inclusion in the list of minority characteristic villages of the National People’s Committee,as the object of study.The Qiang villages are mainly located in Mao County,Wenchuan County and Lixian.As Mao County is the core place of Qiang culture at the national level,this project selects one village with Qiang characteristics from the core area,one village with Qiang characteristics from the sub-radiating area of Wenchuan County,and finally one village with good living preservation from the sub-radiating area of Lixian County,based on the accessibility of the village,the state of conservation and development of the village,etc.These are Pingtou Village,Fengyi Township,Mao County,Union Village,Longxi Township,Wenchuan County,and Taoping Qiang Village,Taoping Township,Li County,in order to find out the connotations of living conservation and sustainable development methods for Qiang villages.Based on the landscape performance assessment system,this study combines the objective reality of the current situation of Qiang villages,and draws on theories from relevant disciplines,laws and regulations and existing scientific assessment systems to construct a landscape performance assessment index system with four dimensions: cultural dimension,social dimension,environmental dimension and economic dimension,by analyzing the regional cultural characteristics,the connotation of living protection and the current problems of the completed Qiang villages.The network hierarchical analysis method is used as a tool to calculate the index weights of the assessment system,and the feasibility and authenticity of the landscape performance assessment index system are verified through the results of the research data.The index system helps to clarify the current situation and problems of the operation of the Qiang Village Landscape,and how to strengthen the sustainable development of the Qiang Village Landscape in the future.Finally,based on the results of the indicators of the assessment system,a new set of strategies for the living protection and development of villages with Qiang characteristics is proposed in a targeted manner.The Longxi Qiangren Valley in Wenchuan County was chosen as the area for the design proposal,then,the proposed theoretical strategies for the living protection and development of Qiang villages are applied to Longxi Qiangren Valley in the form of landscape planning and design.