Research On Wireless Sensors Self-Power Supply Technology Of Railway Wind Barrier In Alpine Region

As an important link in the strategic policy of the Belt and Road Initiative,the construction of railways has been rapidly developed in alpine regions.At the same time,the scale of wireless sensor networks that monitor the operation of railways in alpine regions is also further expanded.Due to the general shortage of energy supply in remote alpine regions,self-powered wireless sensor system has become the key technology at present.In this thesis,a wind barrier piezoelectric wind energy harvesting self-powered system for railways wireless sensor network nodes in alpine regions is proposed.When there is strong wind blowing to the wind barrier,the electric energy conversion module in the wind barrier converts wind energy into electric energy,which is stored in the capacitor through the electric energy storage module to supply power for the sensor nodes in the wireless sensor network,so as to ensure the continuous and stable work of the railways wireless sensor network and further promote the development of the railways self-powered wireless sensor network system.The following is the main research content of paper:Firstly,the research direction of this paper is to meet the energy demand of low power wireless sensor network for railways monitoring in alpine regions,a wireless sensor network power supply system for railways wind barrier based on piezoelectricity is proposed.Each functional module of the power supply system is designed,including transverse wind input module,vortex generation module,power conversion and storage module and transverse wind load reduction module.Secondly,according to the theoretical analysis and simulation of the power conversion module of the power supply system,a mechanical-electrical coupling control equation suitable for the power conversion module is established based on the cantilever piezoelectric energy harvester mechanism of Karman vortex street.Based on the theoretical analysis,the output performance of the designed power conversion module is analyzed in COMSOL Multiphysics5.5a finite element simulation analysis software,and the feasibility of the power conversion module theory is preliminarily explored.Then,the power conversion module is modeled and prototyped.On the wind tunnel test platform,the power conversion module is tested under different input wind speed environment and different sizes of bluff body.The experimental results show that the output voltage of the power conversion module can reach 9.7159 V under the condition of 19 m/s wind speed.Under the same input conditions,the experimental results of the output performance of the power conversion module have the same variation trend with the simulation results,which further verifies the energy conversion performance of the power conversion module.Finally,the charging experiment of the energy conversion module is carried out on the wind-solar complementary experimental platform.The experimental results show that the charging voltage of the capacitor can reach 2.21 V under the condition of 13 m/s wind speed.With the development of integration technology,there are many miniaturized sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks,and the energy consumption demand of single sensor node becomes lower and lower,and the overall energy consumption demand of wireless sensor networks is reduced.Therefore,the wireless sensor self-supply system designed in this thesis can provide a new energy alternative scheme for monitoring the wireless sensor network nodes of the railways.