Research On Airport Pavement Crack Detection Technology And Application Based On Digital Image Processing Technology

As the main area for aircraft take-off and landing,the airport runway is an important infrastructure in the airport flight area.Under the repeated action of load factors and environmental factors,airport pavement is prone to various diseases,among which crack diseases are the early manifestations of most diseases.At present,the detection of airport pavement cracks is still in the manual operation stage,which has the disadvantages of low detection efficiency,high cost and strong subjectivity.Therefore,the intelligent airport pavement crack detection method has become a research hotspot.In this thesis,the airport pavement crack image is taken as the research object.According to the characteristics of pavement cracks,an intelligent detection method of airport pavement cracks based on digital image processing technology is proposed and verified by experiments.The main contents of this thesis are as follows :Firstly,the image preprocessing of airport pavement crack is carried out,and the camera calibration and size calibration are completed.According to the characteristics of pavement crack image,the image gray correction and the improved bilateral filtering algorithm are proposed for image denoising.Secondly,the comparative analysis experiment of the segmentation algorithm of the crack image is carried out,and the adaptive canny edge detection algorithm improved by the Otsu method is proposed to effectively segment the crack edge.Then,there are small noise points,internal holes and edge fracture problems on the edge of the segmented cracks.The connected domain analysis method is used to remove the noise points,and the mathematical morphology operation is used to fill the internal holes,connect the fracture edges,and extract the crack skeleton map after burr removal.Then,the number of nodes,crack density and projection features of the pavement crack skeleton map are extracted as feature vectors.Based on the principle of SVM decision tree,the airport pavement cracks are classified and identified.Experiments show that the algorithm can meet the needs of airport pavement crack detection.Finally,the crack detection example is verified,and the visualization of the detected crack disease is completed by combining the three-dimensional modeling technology.In summary,the intelligent detection method of airport pavement cracks based on digital image processing technology proposed in this thesis can effectively improve the airport.