Design And Research Of The Blade-enclosed Triboelectric Nanogenerator For Harvesting Breeze Energy

With the progress of science and technology,the integration of modern science and technology with agricultural production has led traditional agriculture to a new stage,namely,smart agriculture.The emergence of smart agriculture has liberated a large number of agricultural laborers,and can also realize agricultural visualization,remote control,disaster warning,and other functions,for which it has received widespread attention in the world.In the process of smart agriculture construction,a large number of sensors need to be put in the farmland to monitor the crop growth environment information,however,the traditional power supply method is difficult to meet the power supply needs of a large number of sensor nodes,for example,traditional battery replacement is difficult and easy to cause environmental pollution;power grid is difficult to wire in the farmland,and some remote areas without power grid coverage.Therefore,the use of renewable energy generation to achieve self-sufficiency is a good solution,of which,wind energy is gaining widespread attention.However,large-scale wind turbines commonly used in farmland occupy a large area,have high maintenance costs,and need large wind drive,which makes the breeze energy near the ground side of farmland not be used well.However,triboelectric nanogenerator has the advantages of flexible structure,small size,low cost,and is more suitable as a distributed power supply for sensor nodes required for smart agriculture.Therefore,this study proposes a blade-enclosed triboelectric nanogenerator,which is used to harvest the breeze energy in the farmland to supply power for some low-power agricultural sensors,and carries out a detailed study on it.First,this study chooses the independent layer working mode with flexible structure and high efficiency as the design basis.According to the basic theory of triboelectric nanogenerator,the physical nature of its power generation is understood,and accordingly,the influence of material selection on the output performance of triboelectric nanogenerator is known,finally,several suitable friction starting materials are selected as the research objects.Secondly,after understanding the basic theory and working mode of the triboelectric nanogenerator,the design idea of the prototype is initially determined for the breezy environment of the farmland.The feasibility of the working principle of the proposed generator is determined through aerodynamic simulation analysis of the three-dimensional model of the prototype,and the structural parameters of the prototype are initially derived,such as the best performance could be obtained by using eight blades for the prototype.Meanwhile,by performing potential simulation analysis on the theoretical model of the power generation blade of the prototype,proving the reasonableness of the selected material that can be used as the friction material to drive the triboelectric nanogenerator to generate electrical energy.Subsequently,the possible problems faced by the prototype structure are analyzed and the corresponding structural optimization is made to ensure the stability of the prototype operation.Then,complete the development of the physical prototype and conduct experimental research on the prototype on the established experimental platform.By conducting experiments on the output performance and starting performance of the prototype under different speed excitation,different friction materials,different blade sizes,etc.,reasonable structural parameters of the body are derived;then the durability and resistance to environmental interference of the prototype are studied by changing the external conditions;finally,the output characteristics of the prototype under multi-parameter matching are studied,and the best structural parameters of the prototype are determined based on the experimental test results.The experimental results show that the prototype can start at an ultra-low wind speed of 1.5 m/s,and the power density of each power generation blade of the prototype can reach about 35.21 m W/m2 under breeze driving,which proves its good starting performance and output performance.Finally,further performance tests are conducted on the prototype after determining various parameters.The test results show that the proposed generator can light up the LED light panel and has successfully driven a soil temperature sensor and an electronic temperature hygrometer respectively by charging a 100 μF capacitor for 6 min at a wind speed of 1.5 m/s.The results show that the designed blade-enclosed triboelectric nanogenerator can achieve low wind speed starting and harvesting of breeze energy,and successfully drive the soil temperature sensor and electronic temperature hygrometer,meeting the requirements of monitoring farmland soil temperature and field temperature and humidity.This study provides a valuable reference solution for powering agricultural sensor networks and demonstrates its potential application in smart agriculture.