Research On The Suitability Layout Of Sports Parks In Chongqing Main Urban Area Based On Mountainous Topography

With the promotion of the Healthy China Initiative and the improvement of national fitness awareness,more and more people choose to participate in sports and fitness.In mountainous cities,due to the scarcity of site resources and the need for mountain renovations,the construction of sports parks faces many serious problems,such as unstable foundations,unattractive environments,and unsuitable sites.Therefore,it is necessary and urgent to study the layout of sports venues in mountain sports parks from the perspective of suitability.Starting from "suitability" and starting from "mountainous terrain",this article draws on theories such as conservation,sustainability,spatial aesthetics,and spatial syntax to analyze the elements of sports venues in sports parks and the factors that affect venue layout.Exploring the relationship between sports venues and terrain from the perspectives of functional layout suitability,ecological suitability,and landscape aesthetic suitability,the aim is to explore an economical and environmentally friendly layout form of sports venues in sports parks,laying a theoretical foundation for the planning and design of sports parks.This article takes 15 urban sports parks in the main urban area of Chongqing as the research object,selects 8 representative mountain sports parks and 38 sports venues as research samples,and analyzes the current layout and design of sports parks and sports venues from three aspects:functional layout suitability,ecological suitability,and landscape aesthetic suitability.The following research results are obtained:(1)Characteristics of the current construction status of urban sports parks in Chongqing:Park spatial layout: 75% of the park area is greater than 10 hm2;62% of parks have a green space rate greater than 65%;75% of parks have a terrain elevation difference greater than 30m;75% of the parks cover more than 2 mountains,with a generally large park area and low green space rate.However,the terrain advantage is obvious and there are various types of sports.Park facility layout: Special facilities mainly focus on ball games,comprehensive facilities mainly focus on squares,and path facilities mainly focus on fitness trails;And the accessibility facilities are complete,indicating that the park has a rich configuration of facilities and considers the use of special populations.Park landscape environment: The overall green environment is good,but the artificial traces are obvious,and the water design is not ecological,the expression of mountain culture is insufficient,and the creation of landscape aesthetics is lacking.Park usage: Mainly for nearby residents,walking and ball games are the most common,and the venue functions can basically meet the needs of users.Site selection: convex slope36.8%>flat slope 31.6%>mountaintop 21.1%=ridge 21.1%>concave slope 18.4%>foothills15.8%,with a variety of mountain types and sloping land as the main location.Layout of site space: Treatment of site entrance,steps 84.2%>flat 78.9%>slope 84.2%;Site boundary treatment,plants 100%>roads 65.8%>fence 39.5%>retaining walls 34.2%>railings28.9%>resting steps 13.2%;26% of the site area is greater than 1 hm2;78.9% of the space is mainly open;The ground decoration materials are mainly composed of 42.6% synthetic materials;The main orientation of the site is 93.8% north-south,indicating that the entrance and boundary forms of the site are rich,but the combination with the terrain is poor,lacking safety and aesthetic considerations;The space of the site is spacious,with comfortable ground decoration materials and orientation,but the paving colors are messy.Facility configuration:60% of special categories have multiple projects,comprehensive categories mainly focus on squares,and 85% of path categories have a length greater than 1km;The density of service facilities is relatively low,indicating a rich configuration of sports facilities,but the configuration of service facilities is insufficient and the form is single,resulting in poor comfort of service facilities.Based on mountainous terrain,the site layout is divided into four types:centralized layout,linear layout,circular layout,and radial layout;Divide the site combination methods into four categories: flat,platform,sloping,and composite.(2)The current situation of the overall suitability layout of Chongqing urban sports parks:The overall layout of the park:(1)At the level of functional layout,the site zoning does not consider all age users and the traffic reachability is poor;(2)Excessive transformation of plants,water bodies,and terrain at the ecological level;(3)Insufficient expression of regional culture in landscape aesthetics.The current situation of site combination layout issues:(1)unreasonable site selection at the functional layout level,inadequate consideration of safety and comfort in site layout,and lack of rationality in facility configuration;(2)At the ecological level,there are few sites arranged in combination with terrain,and the scale of the site and terrain space does not match;(3)At the level of landscape aesthetics,the coupling between the site and natural boundaries is insufficient,and the color of the site is chaotic and uncoordinated.(3)The principles for the suitability layout of sports venues in Chongqing’s mountainous urban sports parks include: the overall functional layout is suitable;Ecological suitability based on conservation;Landscape aesthetics based on regional suitability.(4)Suitability strategies for sports venues in Chongqing’s mountainous urban sports parks:Planning level:(1)Respecting functional zoning of terrain;(2)Traffic flow lines that conform to the terrain:(3)Plant planning with mountainous characteristics;(4)Water body planning that conforms to the terrain environment;(5)Strengthen the expression of regional culture;(6)The formal beauty that embodies the characteristics of mountainous areas.Design level:(1)Diversified site layout;(2)Compound site functions;(3)Strengthen the design of venue safety and comfort;(4)Enhance the attractiveness of sports venues;(5)Mainly utilizing terrain,supplemented by transformation;(6)Improve boundary coupling;(7)Coordinate the color environment;(8)Set up diversified facilities.