A Study On The Decorative Art Of Majolica Tiles In Fujian Modern Architecture

From the beginning of the 19 th century to the 1940 s,a new building material,majolica tile,appeared in modern architecture from Putian to Zhangzhou in Fujian Province.The manufacturing technology of this tile was first invented in Europe and later spread to Asia,and the Japanese products are the most representative.As an exotic goods,majolica tiles integrate various artistic styles from Islam,the West,the South,and the East.Since its importation into Fujian,it has developed in combination with local architecture in only a few decades,forming a unique regional architectural decoration art,which is a symbol of the era of multicultural exchanges.This paper takes majolica tiles as the research subject of Fujian modern architecture,takes Fujian modern commerce and trade culture,immigration culture,and architectural culture as the research background,takes historical development,production technology,architectural decoration,artistic expression and other perspectives,and uses multidisciplinary research,It is a symbol of the times for multicultural communication.Starting from a cross-cultural architectural decoration material,this paper analyzes the profound influence of Fujian’s modern marine trade activities on local architecture.Firstly,it summarizes the history and development of majolica tiles.According to its historical origins and development in Fujian Province,combining with the background of the times,it sorts out three ways of introduction: Japanese direct import,agency store sales,and overseas Chinese purchase and bring back.It analyzes the reasons for its popularity from a comprehensive geographical,political,economic,and cultural perspective;Then,based on the literature and the statistics of field research,this paper introduces the application and distribution of majolica tiles in China,especially in Fujian Province,and considers the impact of trade,colonial culture,and overseas Chinese activities in modern times on the number and scale of majolica tile carrier buildings.Secondly,it analyzes and studies the expression and content of the decorative art of majolica tiles in modern architecture in Fujian.The process can be divided into two types:planar process and embossing process.The characteristics of different techniques such as embossed ceramic tiles,patterned ceramic tiles,and fully hand-painted ceramic tiles are discussed in detail,and the differences in the decoration of this ceramic tile on mirror walls,recessed longevity,water wheel plugs,column heads,cornices,and other parts of buildings in Fujian Province are discussed.Next,it analyzes the typical themes of majolica tiles,collates existing images and physical materials,mainly from the categories of geometry,animals,plants,landscapes,and characters,and summarizes their visual characteristics from the auspicious rhetoric techniques and flexible theme combinations of decorative art.Then,according to the style characteristics,color selection,pattern composition,and combined laying methods of majolica tiles,the design characteristics of their decorative art are summarized.Majolica tiles are typical representatives of Chinese and Western design characteristics.Analyzing the innovative application strategies of majolica tiles at present not only enlightens the thinking of contemporary art designers,but also has practical reference significance for exploring the age determination,protection,and repair of modern architecture.