Research On Identity Authentication For Internet Of Vehicles Based On Blockchain Technology

In recent years,with the development of intelligent transportation,the Internet of Vehicles(Io Vs)has attracted extensive attention from academia and industry.As the core component of the Intelligent Transportation System(ITS),Io Vs can support information sharing among traffic participants.Besides,it can also enhance road safety and driving efficiency.However,the Io Vs has an open communication channel,and the information exchange in the form of vehicle-tovehicle(V2V)and vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2I)has the risk of privacy leakage and being attacked by malicious users.Therefore,it has great significance to construct a reliable and efficient identity authentication protocol based on the actual application scenarios of the Io Vs to achieve privacy protection and communication security.As an emerging distributed data storage architecture and computing paradigm,blockchain technology can provide traffic participants with a trusted information interaction environment.However,most of the existing authentication schemes based on blockchain technology have problems such as low authentication efficiency,large storage overhead,and poor privacy protection.Therefore,aiming at the above problems and challenges that need to be solved urgently,this paper designs and deploys the authentication systems based on the actual practical environment of the Io Vs,aiming to complete the identity authentication process while considering efficiency and privacy protection.To address the issues of low authentication efficiency and poor privacy protection in existing schemes,the thesis proposes a blockchain-based privacy-preserving authentication scheme.In terms of system architecture,the scheme utilizes blockchain technology to build a distributed authentication system,and effectively realizes the sharing of cross-regional vehicle information among Regional Trusted Authorities(RTAs).In terms of authentication algorithm,this scheme proposes using finite bilinear pairings to achieve fast batch authentication to effectively reduce computation overhead.In addition,the scheme realizes the conditional privacy protection.That is,RTA can accurately trace and revoke the identity information of the vehicle when necessary.Therefore,the proposed scheme not only protects the data privacy of vehicles during the authentication process,but also ensures that vehicles with false identities can be accurately tracked.Based on security analysis and simulation experiments,this paper guarantees that the proposed scheme can satisfies various security requirements such as unlinkability and anonymity,and can effectively reduce the calculation and communication overhead in the authentication process.On this basis,in order to further optimize the storage overhead generated in the authentication process and realize the scalability of the authentication scheme,the thesis proposes a blockchainbased source authentication scheme for road condition monitoring.The scheme uses transactions instead of digital certificates to realize the authentication process of information sources.That is,the scheme constructs transactions based on the Unspent Transaction Outputs(UTXO)model,and completes the authentication process of the message source by verifying the legitimacy of each input contained in the transaction.It effectively enhances unlinkability and data privacy protection in the authentication process.In addition,the scheme uses the blockchain state database as the system database,and proposes a transaction update mechanism for the problem of unlimited growth of system storage,which aims to keep the retrieval efficiency and storage capacity of the database at a dynamically stable level,thereby ensuring the scalability of the authentication scheme.Simulation experiments show that the retrieval efficiency and storage level of the system database in this scheme tend to be dynamic and stable with the increase of authentication times.In addition,compared with existing similar schemes,the scheme proposed in this paper has lower computation and communication overhead.